It is assumed that each nano-robot has a 0.1μm3 tankage which is far smaller than the volume of a human red blood cell (i.e. 1.12× 102 μm3)[6]. Thus, the nano-machines are non-invasive for biomedical applications, such as drug delivery and disease diagnosis. Since the nano-machine has an initial source of 108 molecules in its own tankage and since the throughput of the DMC systems is significan...

Drug bearing nano-shells that can be utilized for targeted drug delivery have been shown to enhance the therapeutic index by increasing dug concentration in diseased tissue and reducing toxicity normal tissue. The controllability of shell size provides predictability measure amount payload per which improves administration dose. FDA approved different formulations clinical use metastatic recurr...