Second, we would like to underscore one of the main messages of our article [2], which is that the statistical methods used for estimating the cost impact of an adverse event have a major effect on the results. Costs attributed to adverse events, such as nephrotoxicity, should include only those costs incurred after occurrence of the adverse event. Observing an association between high hospital...

BACKGROUND Limited studies incorporating population-based pharmacokinetic modeling have been conducted to determine pharmacodynamic indices associated with nephrotoxicity during vancomycin exposure in children. METHODS A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted from September 2003 to December 2011 at 2 hospitals. Nephrotoxicity was defined as an increase in serum creatinine concentration (...

Objective: In this investigation, the amleorative role of esculetin (Esc) was investigated in gentamicin (Genta) nephrotoxicity in rats and the possible role of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) in genta-induced nephrotoxicity. Methods: Genta (100 mg/kg/day, i.p. for 7 days) was administered to rats for the induction of nephrotoxicity, and subsequently, the extent of renal damage was measu...

Cisplatin is one of the most potent chemotherapy drugs against cancer, but its major side effect such as nephrotoxicity limits its use. Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) protects against various renal diseases via gene transactivation and/or ADP-ribosylation. However, the role of PARP in necrotic cell death during cisplatin nephrotoxicity remains an open question. Here we demonst...

BACKGROUND Nephrotoxicity is the major side-effect of cisplatin (CDDP), and it is reported to be gender-related. We evaluated the effects of pomegranate flower extract (PFE) as an antioxidant on CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity in female rats. METHODS Twenty-three adult female rats in four groups treated as following. Groups 1 and 2 received PFE at doses of 25 and 50 (mg/kg/day), respectively, for...

Cisplatin is a cancer chemotherapeutic agent whose cl inical use is complicated by i ts dose related kidney toxicity. Since the histopathological profi le of cisplatin nephrotoxicity appears similar to that of other heavy metals, i t has been commonly presumed that cisplatin nephrotoxicity is related to the platinum moiety. However, the delayed time course and development of cisplatin nephrotox...

Introduction: Amphotericin B (AB) is the drug of choice for treatment several systemic fungal infections. Despite its effectiveness and minimum relation to resistance, AB toxic animal cells, in particular kidney cells. Objective: To address aspects nephrotoxicity biomarkers available early detection disease caused by AB. Method: The bibliographic search was performed online databases. Papers pu...

Background: Nephrotoxicity is an inherent of certain anticancer drugs. Aim: This study aimed to assess the protective effect of onion oil and selenium against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in male rats. Results: Cisplatin (5 mg/kg, i.p.) caused significant increases in serum sodium, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, total sodium and potassium excreted in urine, urine volume and lipid pe...

Aristolochia manshuriensis Kom (AMK) is a member of the Aristolochiaceae family and is a well-known cause of aristolochic acid (AA) nephropathy. In this study, we investigated the potential of omeprazole (OM) to alleviate AMK-induced nephrotoxicity. We found that OM reduced mouse mortality caused by AMK and attenuated AMK-induced acute nephrotoxicity in rats. OM enhanced hepatic Cyp 1a1/2 and r...

In rats, cephalothin exerts a protective effect upon the nephrotoxicity of gentamicin. To examine the possibility that this effect is also observed with carbenicillin, we gave the following (milligrams per kilogram) to rats daily for 14 days: gentamicin alone, 60; gentamicin plus cephalothin, 100, 500, or 1,000; gentamicin plus carbenicillin, 50, 100, 250, 500, or 1,000. A 500-mg/kg dose of cep...