Gastric ulcers were induced in normal/NIDDM rats by various physical (2 hr cold restraint stress and 4 hr pylorus ligation) and chemical agents (ethanol, 1 ml/200 g, oral, 1 hr before; aspirin, 200 mg/kg, oral, 4 hr) and duodenal ulcers were induced by cysteamine (40 mg/200 g). Ulcer healing activity was studied in gastric ulcers induced by acetic acid (50%) and HCI (0.6 M). The result indicate...

Purpose. To determine growth factor levels in individual vitrectomy samples from insulin-d ependent and non-insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM & NIDDM) and to correlate such levels with a) the type of diabetes and b) neovascular activity. Me&m! Over 70 vitreous gel samples wem obtained from diabetic patients with proliferative retinopathy and non-diabetic (“control”) patients undergoing vitrecto...

The inhibition of ATP-sensitive K+(KATP) channels in pancreatic beta cells is a key step of insulin secretion induced by glucose. Glucose-induced insulin secretion from the beta cells is selectively impaired in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and in animal models of it. In order to clarify the site of this abnormal glucose response, we studied the effects of insulin...

We studied lipid and lipoprotein concentrations and their relationships to insulin level in 994 men and 1246 women ages 50 to 91 years in the upper middle-class community of Rancho Bernardo in southern California. Altogether, 593 men and 741 women had normal glucose tolerance, 240 men and 348 women, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), 104 men and 117 women, newly diagnosed noninsulin-dependent di...

OBJECTIVE To compare regional body fat distribution and sex hormone status of postmenopausal women with NIDDM with those of age- and BMI-matched normoglycemic women. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The regional body fat distribution and sex hormone status of 42 postmenopausal women with NIDDM were compared with those of 42 normoglycemic women matched for age and BMI, who served as control subject...

Purpose. To determine growth factor levels in individual vitrectomy samples from insulin-d ependent and non-insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM & NIDDM) and to correlate such levels with a) the type of diabetes and b) neovascular activity. Me&m! Over 70 vitreous gel samples wem obtained from diabetic patients with proliferative retinopathy and non-diabetic (“control”) patients undergoing vitrecto...

To test the hypothesis that alterations in regulatory regions of the insulin gene occur in a subset of patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), the promoter region was studied by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification directly from genomic DNA, followed by high-resolution polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under nondenaturing conditions. By using this method a previ...

Patients with poorly controlled noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) are shown to have higher bone mass. However, the influence of changes in glycemic control on bone turnover is not known. To clarify whether metabolic improvement of poorly controlled NIDDM affects bone turnover, markers for glucose, mineral, and bone metabolism were assessed before and after glycemic control for 3 we...

AIMS Whole body and myocardial insulin resistance are features of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and left-ventricular dysfunction (LVD). We determined whether abnormalities of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS1), IRS1-associated PI3K (IRS1-PI3K), and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) contribute to tissue-specific insulin resistance. METHODS AND RESULTS We collected skeletal muscl...