45Ca2+-40Ca2+ exchangeability of 45Ca bound to the calcium transport sites of unphosphorylated sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase at equilibrium has been found to be heterogeneous: Half of the bound calcium is [Ca2+]-dependent in a slowly exchangeable (k less than 0.3 s-1), "occluded" state in the Ca2+-ATPase, and the other calcium is [Ca2+]-independent in a rapidly exchangeable (k approximatel...

Alterations in the plasma water sodium concentration ([Na+]pw) result from changes in the total exchangeable sodium (Na e), total exchangeable potassium (K e), and total body water (TBW). The empirical relationship between the [Na+]pw and Na e, K e, and TBW was originally demonstrated (Edelman IS, Leibman J, O'Meara MP, and Birkenfeld LW. J Clin Invest 37: 1236-1256, 1958), where [Na+]pw = 1.11...

The non-parametric, or re-sampling, bootstrap for a single unstructured sample corresponds to the algebraic operation of monoid composition, with a uniform distribution on the monoid. With this interpretation, the notion of re-sampling can be extended to designs having a certain group-invariance property. Two types of exchangeable array structures are considered in some detail, namely the one-w...

A pot experiment was conducted at screen house of Department Soil Science, PAU, Ludhiana during rabi 2017-18 to evaluate the response wheat applied potassium. Twelve soil samples were taken from all over Punjab varying in available K. Potassium @ 0, 15, 20, 25 and 30 kg K/ha soil. The mean grain yield varied 12.39 20.13 g/pot K sufficient soils (>137 K/ha) 8.43 12.09 deficient (<137 K/ ha...

A finite form of de Finetti’s representation theorem is established using elementary information-theoretic tools: The distribution the first k random variables in an exchangeable binary vector length n≥k close to a mixture product distributions. Closeness measured terms relative entropy and explicit bound provided.

We studied total exchangeable sodium, ion transport activity at maximal rate, and erythrocyte Na+ content in response to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition in mild-to-moderate essential hypertensive patients with normal renal function. Twenty-five patients (mean age 56 years, range 40-62 years) who had abnormal red blood cell Na(+)-K(+)-Cl- cotransport or red blood cell Li(+)-Na+ countert...

Increasing urbanisation and industrialisation have led to a dramatic reduction in forest area, and now only culturally protected remnants of natural forests and some new plantations remain in most areas of the north of Iran. To investigate the status of the chemical and physical characteristics of soil under these remnant forests and assess the possible impacts of reforestation on soil properti...

Isotopic fractionation of tritium is a highly relevant issue in radiation protection and requires certain radioecological considerations. Sound evaluation of this factor is indeed necessary to determine whether environmental compartments are enriched/depleted in tritium or if tritium is, on the contrary, isotopically well-distributed in a given system. The ubiquity of tritium and the standard a...