among the linguistic resources for creating grammatical metaphor, nominalization rewords   processes and properties metaphorically as nouns within the experiential metafunction of language. following halliday's (1998a) classification of grammatical metaphor, the current study investigated nominalization exploited in an english applied linguistics textbook and its corresponding persian translati...

in this paper taqi modarresi’s life and his works are discussed briefly. he is one of the early persian writers in diaspora who left iran decades before the islamic revolution.  his novels have been published both in english and persian. azra-ye khalvatneshin [the virgin of solitude], which was published posthumously in an english translation in 2008 and in the original persian in 2010, both in...

The present study was an attempt to investigate the acquisition of negationproperties by Persian monolingual and Kurdish-Persian bilingual learners of Englishacross different levels of language proficiency and within a generative framework.Generative models are generally concerned with issues such as universal grammar(UG), language transfer, and morphological variability in nonprimary languaged...

Al-Onaizan,Y. et-al, "Distortion models for statistical machine translation" , In Proceedings of ACL-COLING, July 2006,pp. 529 . . 536. Birch, A. et-al, "Constraining the phrase-based,joint probability statistical translation model", In Proceedings of HLTNAACL Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation, April 2006, pp 154 . . 157. Brown, P. F. et-al, "The mathematics o...

This study was motivated by the researchers’ goal to unfold the quality of the English translations of Persian tourism industry texts and discover the most frequent error patterns the Iranian non-native translators have committed in such texts. Thus, the following research questions were addressed: 1) Are the English versions of Persian tourist guidebooks and multimedia compact discs provided b...

  Translation of the Holy Quran can be difficult for translators in terms of accuracy and translatability. Sometimes translators fail to render the Quranic thoughts because of the lack of language features in target languages. This results in an unfavorable interpretation. One of the challenging aspects of translating Quran is reference switching as rhetorical devices, which are widespread i...

We present an approach using treebanks in machine translation. Our experiment in Czech-English machine translation is an attempt to develop a full machine translation system based on dependency trees (Dependency Based Machine Translation, DBMT). We use the following resources: Prague Dependency Treebank, a newly created Czech-English parallel corpus of Penn Treebank, English monolingual corpus,...