in order to develop the high intensive agriculture, more chemical fertilizers are applied to the soil that resulting in soil degradation and environment deterioration. application of organic manure is an important approach for maintaining and improving the soil fertility and increasing fertilizer use efficiency. therefore, in order to evaluate the effect of organic manures and chemical fertiliz...

1. INTRODUCTION Among the classes of highly porous materials, metalÀorganic frameworks (MOFs) are unparalleled in their degree of tunability and structural diversity as well as their range of chemical and physical properties. MOFs are extended crystalline structures wherein metal cations or clusters of cations (" nodes ") are connected by multitopic organic " strut " or " linker " ions or molec...

Carbon dioxide (CO2 ), as the primary greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, triggers a series of environmental and energy related problems in the world. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop multiple methods to capture and convert CO2 into useful chemical products, which can significantly improve the environment and promote sustainable development. Over the past several decades, metal-organ...

This poster details the discovery of several novel cascade reactions enabling the generation of arrays of pharmacologically relevant small molecules. As such, the synthetic routes are high in molecular complexity generating power and operationally friendly producing attractive compounds for inclusion in file enhancement strategies. Compound libraries and core chemotypes have been designed utili...

We have established two classification rules that statistically accurate allow to separate carcinogenically active chemical compounds from inactive chemical compounds. The electronic and information properties of molecules are used as molecular descriptors. The threshold values of descriptors that characterize and determine the presence or absence of carcinogenic properties of chemical compound...

Chemical evolution describes the first step in the development of life, such as the formation of complex organic molecules from simpler (in-)organic compounds. A deeper understanding of this period requires not only a refinement of our chemical knowledge but also improved theoretical concepts that help to explain how complex chemical systems evolve in principle. Here we investigate how chemical...

Biocatalysis has proven to be a useful supplementary technology for the chemical industry, allowing in some cases reactions which are not easily conducted by classical organic chemistry or in other cases allowing reactions which can replace several chemical steps. Highly chemo-, regioand stereoselective bioconversions can simplify manufacturing processes to make them even more economically attr...

Following on from the companion study (Johnson et al., 2005a), a photochemical tra-jectory model (PTM) has been used to simulate the chemical composition of organic aerosol for selected events during the 2003 TORCH (Tropospheric Organic Chemistry Experiment) field campaign. The PTM incorporates the speciated emissions of 124 5 non-methane anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOC) and three...