The work reported here was part of a program of research on how warning lamps affect driver vision, and how those lamps can be designed to provide the most benefit for the safety of emergency vehicle operations. In order to understand the overall effects of lamps on safety, it is necessary to know about the positive (intended) effects of the lamps on vehicle conspicuity, as well as any negative...

Rear-end collisions and distraction are major concerns in automotive transportation. This study investigated the conspicuity of current rear automobile lighting (red brake and red tail lamps) compared to a proposed arrangement (red brake lamps with yellow tail lamps) in a task where participants only had time to perform one saccade and fixation (200ms) to identify the presence or absence of bra...

Lipid-associated membrane proteins (LAMPs) from 14 Mycoplasma hominis isolates or strains share similar protein and antigenicity profiles. Of 31 human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients from whose samples M. hominis was cultured, 28 tested strongly positive for serum antibodies to M. hominis LAMPs. The remaining 3 serum samples showed low antibody titer to LAMPs from all of the 14 M. homi...

The recently introduced detector-based calibration method for tristimulus colorimeters has been realized. The NIST reference colorimeter has been calibrated for spectral irradiance responsivity with an uncertainty of 0.15 % (coverage factor k=2) resulting in a chromaticity uncertainty of 0.0004 (k=2) in the x and y chromaticity coordinates when a CIE Illuminant A source is measured. The color s...

UVB is widely used to treat psoriasis. Conventional broadband UVB lamps are less effective than narrowband UVB lamps, which have an emission peak at 311 nm. The long-term safety of narrowband UVB phototherapy is uncertain. "Selective" broadband UVB lamps, which have little emission <290 nm, are also available, but have not been adequately compared to narrowband UVB lamps. We performed a randomi...

Four commercially available, medium pressure mercury sun lamps were used to assess their effects on promoting vitamin D synthesis in the skin. It was found that all the lamps studied had vitamin D synthesizing spectral wavelengths and caused an increase in the serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. However, the ultraviolet and visible irradiance measurements showed that a considerable pro...