Rural markets offer a great scope for a concentrated marketing effort because of the recent increase in the rural incomes. Such incomes will increase faster because of better production and higher prices for agricultural commodities. Rural marketing is a developing concept, and the marketers have realized the opportunity of growth in the market recently. Any macro level strategy for these marke...

We investigate adaptation under a reaching task with an acceleration-based force field perturbation designed to alter the nominal straight hand trajectory in a potentially benign manner: pushing the hand off course in one direction before subsequently restoring towards the target. In this particular task, an explicit strategy to reduce motor effort requires a distinct deviation from the nominal...

The least-squares mth-order polynomial filtering and fixed-point smoothing problems of uncertainly observed discretetime signals are considered, when the variables describing the uncertainty in the observations are non-independent. By defining suitable augmented signal and observation vectors, the polynomial estimation problem of the signal is reduced to the linear estimation problem of the aug...

Since the information used in a Geographic Information System has a certain degree of uncertainly, in general classical mathematics models should not be applied to solve geographical problems computationally. Therefore, probabilistic or fuzzy-related methods should be considered, in order to model the behaviour of real problems that have to be solved by or with a Geographic Information System. ...

This paper describes a theory of reasoning about uncertainly, based on a representation of state'i of certainly called endorsements (see Cohen and Grinberg, 1983, for a more detailed discussion of the theory.) The theory of endorsements is an alternative to numerical methods for reasoning about uncertainty, such as subjective Bayesian methods (Shortliffe and Buchanan, 1975; Duda, Hart, and Nils...

supplier selection is a multi-criteria problem. this study proposes a hybrid model for supporting the suppliers’ selection and ranking. this research is a two-stage model designed to fully rank the suppliers where each supplier has multiple inputs and outputs. first, the supplier evaluation problem is formulated by data envelopment analysis (dea), since the regarded decision deals with uncertai...

Detecting forest degradation from satellite observation data is of great significance in revealing the process decreasing quality and giving a better understanding regional or global carbon emissions their feedbacks with climate changes. In this paper, quick applicable approach was developed for monitoring Three-North Forest Shelterbelt China multi-scale remote sensing data. Firstly, Normalized...

Supplier selection is a multi-Criteria problem. This study proposes a hybrid model for supporting the suppliers’ selection and ranking. This research is a two-stage model designed to fully rank the suppliers where each supplier has multiple Inputs and Outputs. First, the supplier evaluation problem is formulated by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), since the regarded decision deals with uncertai...