نتایج جستجو برای: passive avoidance learning
تعداد نتایج: 701123 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Introduction: Aging is the major risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases and oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiology of these diseases. Oxidative stress can induce neuronal damages and modulate intracellular signaling, ultimately leading to neuronal death by apoptosis or necrosis. Methods: In this study, we investigated the possible antioxidant and neuroprotective properties o...
Introduction: Lower level of estrogen hormone is considered as an important factor for loss of learning and memory in postmenopausal women. Although estrogen replacement therapy is used for compensation, but long-term usage of estrogen is associated with a higher risk of hormonedependent cancers. Phytoestrogens, due to fewer side effects, have been proposed to prevent menopause-related co...
introduction: cholinergic systems are involved in learning and memory. scopolamine, a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist, is used as a standard/ reference drug for inducing cognitive deficits in healthy humans and animals. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of scopolamine on avoidance memory and number of neurons in rat’s hippocampus. . methods: thirty five male alb...
Normal controls and schizophrenic patients on propranolol as sole drug or combined with neuroleptics showed superior active and passive avoidance learning to schizophrenic patients who were medicated with conventional neuroleptics only. Active avoidance involved responding quickly, passive avoidance withholding a response to avoid an unpleasant noise and reacting to the appropriate stimulus. Th...
Introduction: Zinc is an essential trace element that plays an important role in synaptic plasticity and modulating the activity of CNS and involve in learning and memory. Synaptic vesicle zinc in the hippocampus area exerting modulatory effects on NMDA glutamate receptor. Method: In this experiment the effects of NMDA agonist and antagonist administration intra hippocampus on passive avoidan...
PURPOSE Previous studies have shown that physical activity improves learning and memory. Present study was performed to determine the effects of short term and long term treadmill exercise on learning, memory consolidation and retrieval of passive avoidance learning in an animal model. METHODS In this study fifty male Wistar rats with 3-4 months of age were randomly divided into five groups (...
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