abstract background and aims: the human papilloma virus was introduced as the major etiological agent in outbreak of cervical cancer in 1970. since it is impossible to recognize these viruses and these types using the serological tests and cell culture, molecular methods such as pcr are of great importance. therefore, in this study, our goal was to use a multiple specific pcr assay on l1 and e6...

Microscopy of stool samples is a labour-intensive and inaccurate technique for detection of intestinal parasites causing diarrhoea and replacement by PCR is attractive. Almost all cases of diarrhoea induced by parasites over a nine-year period in our laboratory were due to Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium species, or Entamoeba histolytica detected by microscopy. We evaluated and selected in-hou...

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is the cause of John’s disease also called paratuberculosis. This is economically one of the important infectious diseases in cattle and ruminant husbandry. This disease is manifested as granulomatosis entrocolitis, lymphadenitis and inflammation local lymphatic vessels. The typical sign of this disease is progressive loss of weight. Cons...

aflatoxins are secondary toxic metabolites produced by some aspergillus spp. particularly, aspergillus flavus and a. parasiticus that contaminate food and feed. the objective of this study was to evaluate the contamination of feedstuffs with aspergillus spp. and detect genes involved in the aflatoxin biosynthesis pathway of a. flavus and a. parasiticus isolates. a total of 110 cow feed samples ...

AIMS/BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was apply the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to develop a sensitive, specific, and rapid test to diagnose Fusarium keratitis. Fusarium is the most common cause of fungal corneal infection in some parts of the world. It is often difficult to establish that a keratitis is due to fungal infection. METHODS Fusarium solani keratitis was induced in three e...

Rapid antigen and antibody, serological tests, and RT ‑ PCR-based molecular methods are widely used for the detection of microorganisms worldwide. Objectives: This study aimed by Isothermal nucleic acid amplification techniques to detect the covid-19. Methods: In this study, 200 samples of nasopharynx and oropharynx were collected from Jamaran Heart Hospital in Tehran. Covid -19 was exami...

Abstract Background In addition to rotavirus and norovirus, human adenovirus (HAdV) classic astrovirus (classic HAstV) are important pathogens of acute diarrhea in infants young children. Here, we present the molecular epidemiology HAdV HAstV children with Shanghai. Methods Fecal specimens were collected from 804 outpatient diagnosed Shanghai January 2017 December 2018. All samples screened for...

AIM A cross-sectional study was undertaken to know the herd prevalence and evaluate the single intradermal tuberculin testing (SITT), culture isolation, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis (TB). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 541 cows of three dairy farms of Bareilly and Mukteshwar were screened by SITT followed by collection of pre-scapular...