a bstract    background: one of the acutely fatal and prevalent crises in all societies is acute spinal cord injury. individuals with a spinal cord injury are prone to numerous challenges, perturbation, and acute mental distresses. one of their concerns, often expressed generally and in the form of a complaint, is how people deal with them.  the present study aims to analyze the experiences and...

Sociologists understand the term ‘organization’ in very broad terms to mean any structure by which social life and behaviour are managed. The term is more narrowly understood to mean formal organizations with a bureaucratic structure. Some formal organizations process ‘clients’, like schools and police stations, where the principal purpose is the management of people and their needs. Others are...

To counteract global species decline, modern biodiversity conservation engages in large projects, spends billions of dollars, and includes many organizations working simultaneously within regions. To add to this complexity, the conservation sector has hierarchical structure, where conservation actions are often outsourced by funders (foundations, government, etc.) to local organizations that wo...

Collaboration enables a set of partners to work together while sharing information, resources, and capabilities in a controlled and accountable fashion. The partners themselves are organizations composed of people, departments, computational entities, and agents who perform tasks consistent with the internal rules of their organization. This paper presents a framework for managing some aspects ...

The 21 century marketplace poses many challenges for modern manufacturing organizations thus requiring them to display increased levels of agility supported by an effective information systems infrastructure. The objective of this paper is to propose an Information Systems Architecture that meets the challenges of modern manufacturing organizations. For the manufacturing information systems arc...