Basic biophysical studies and pharmacological processes can be investigated by mimicking the intracellular and extracellular environments across an artificial cell membrane construct. The ability to reproduce in vitro simplified scenarios found in live cell membranes in an automated manner has great potential for a variety of synthetic biology and compound screening applications. Here, we prese...

Introduction. Woman’s satisfaction with childbirth is associated adequate labor analgesia [1]. Negative experience could increase the risk of poor mother-child connection, breastfeeding problems [2], and decreased desire for elective caesarian section [3]. Effective management pain positive improve quality maternity care [4]. Aim. Explore correlation between different pharmacological/non-pharma...

1,4-Dihydropyridines (1,4-DHPs) are recognized as one of the most versatile pharmacophores present as central core in many pharmaceuticals. Low yield and harsh reaction conditions prompted the researchers for the development of new environmental- friendly methods for the synthesis of 1,4-DHPs. This review explored the development of various green chemistry approaches using new catalysts develop...

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a complex gastrointestinal disorder, whose understanding relatively uncertain, and the treatment guidance decision still represents challenge. OBJECTIVE: To identify critically appraise systematic reviews (SRs) published in Cochrane Database of SRs (CDSR) on effects interventions (pharmacological non-pharmacological) for IBS. METHODS: The s...

Menstruation is a process where the uterine lining decays. often occurs during childbearing age, it not uncommon for discomfort to be felt, one of which dysmenorrhea . Dysmenorrhea pain in abdomen due cramps and menstrual blood disorders Several therapies that can used reduce include pharmacological non-pharmacological methods. Pharmacological therapy taking ibuprofen, mefenamic acid other drug...

Introduction: Unambiguous definition of mental disorders is difficult, mainly because the heterogeneity this group diseases and clarity line between pathology normal. The proposed by World Health Organization (WHO) widely accepted. In practice, definitions from legislation a country are also important. Aim work: purpose study to discuss basic issues diagnosis treatment disorders. Material metho...

A number of nanotechnology-enabled drug delivery platforms are in varying stages of drug development. While, physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling has become a well-established tool for conventional medicines from preclinical to post-licensing environments, its application for nanomedicines is in its infancy. Part of the reason for this is that the fundamental mechanisms that u...

Protein crystallography represents at present the most productive and most widely used method to obtain structural information on target proteins and protein-ligand complexes within the atomic resolution range. The knowledge obtained in this way is essential for understanding the biology, chemistry, and biochemistry of proteins and their functions but also for the development of compounds of hi...

This brief sketch is intended as an introduction to a series of articles 1 on bioelectrical phenomena, its purpose being to present certain fundamental facts and underlying conceptions. Early in the course of the investigation it became evident that there are great advantages in using single cells in place of tissues. The experiments were accordingly made with single (multinucleate) cells of Va...