Medical practitioners and healthcare workers rely on information accuracy in academic journals. Some Covid-19 papers contain “tortured phrases”, nonstandard English expressions, or imprecise erroneous terms, that give the impression of jargon but are not. Most post-publication attention paid to literature has focused biomedical aspects, validity claims, robustness data, little been published li...

In our system, noun phrases in the query are identified and classified into 4 types: proper names, dictionary phrases, simple phrases and complex phrases. A document has a phrase if all content words in a phrase are within a window of a certain size. The window sizes for different types of phrases are different. We consider phrases to be more important than individual terms. As a consequence, d...