the purpose of this study was to have a general view of pancreas in one species of pigeon.some disorders affect avian pancreas.pancreatitis and pancreatic degeneration have been described in many infections and deficiencies. in pigeon, lymphoid infiltration and necrosis diffusion is a common finding. after anesthesia, tissue pieces were dissected from the lobes. samples were fixed in bouin, pro...

Crop productivity in sub-Saharan Africa cannot be substantially improved without simultaneously addressing short-term crop nutrient demand and long-term soil fertility. Integrated fertility management tackles both by the combined application of mineral fertilizers organic resource inputs but few studies examined its‘ effectiveness. To address this knowledge gap, study analysed maize yield trend...

In 1929 Storm Van Leuven published his results on treatment of asthma using a “climate chamber.” His design of a room included maintaining low dust levels and a supply of clean air. This experiment was based on the observation that many asthmatics improved when they spent time in the high altitude clinics in Switzerland (1). It was also well known .50 years ago that patients with asthma improve...

It has been proposed that livestock production effluents such as wastewater, airborne dust and manure increase the density of antimicrobial resistant bacteria and genes in the environment. The public health risk posed by this proposed outcome has been difficult to quantify using traditional microbiological approaches. We utilized shotgun metagenomics to provide a first description of the resist...