Several studies have reported the usefulness of the field-in-field (FIF) technique in breast radiotherapy. However, the methods for the FIF technique used in these studies vary. These methods were classified into three categories. We simulated a radiotherapy plan with each method and analyzed the outcomes. In the first method, a pair of subfields was added to each main field: the single pair of...

The efficacy of combining rate and pressure reduction during weaning by synchronous intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) were compared with weaning by patient triggered ventilation (PTV) (pressure reduction alone) in two randomised trials. Regardless of ventilation mode, pressure was reduced to the same level according to the size of the infant. In the first trial, the SIMV rate was also r...

PURPOSE In this study the effects of small systematic MLC misalignments and gravitational errors on the quality of Rapidarc treatment plan delivery are investigated with respect to verification measurements with two detector arrays and the evaluation of clinical significance of the error-induced deviations. METHODS Five prostate and six head and neck plans were modified by means of three erro...

Even with daily image guidance based on soft tissue registration, deviations of fractional doses can be quite large due to changes in patient anatomy. It is of interest to ascertain the cumulative effect of these deviations on the total delivered dose. Daily kV CT data acquired using an in-room CT for five prostate cancer patients were analyzed. Each daily CT was deformably registered to the pl...

Irradiation of longitudinally adjacent PTVs with Helical TomoTherapy (HT) may be clinically necessary, for example in treating a recurrent PTV adjacent to a previously-treated volume. In this work, the parameters which influence the cumulative dose distribution resulting from treating longitudinally adjacent PTVs are examined, including field width, pitch, and PTV location. In-phantom dose dist...

AIM The aim of the study was to evaluate the cervical vertebral maturation and dental age, in group of patients with coelic disease (CD), in comparison with a control group of healthy subjects. METHODS At the Paediatric Dentistry Unit of PTV Hospital, "Tor Vergata" University of Rome, 120 female patients, age range 12.0-12.9 years were recruited. Among them, 60 subjects (Group 1) were affecte...

Although the use of small segments in step and shoot IMRT provides better dose distribution, extremely small segments decrease treatment accuracy. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum minimum segment size (MSS) in two-step optimization in prostate step and shoot IMRT with regard to both planning quality and dosimetric accuracy. The XiO treatment planning system and Oncor Impre...

Volumes change during fractionated radiotherapy (RT). We investigate a tool based on the Hierarchical Enhanced Registration Algorithm (HERA) to project a 3D segmentation set of the prostate into the subsequent imaging sets at any time point during RT by using intensity-based image registration techniques. Sequential CT sets during RT at 15, 30, 45, and 60 Gy of two patients were used. Five expe...

The present exploratory study has examined the effects of media exposure on western enculturation of youth in the urban town of Dera Ismail Khan in context of the debate on New International Information Communication Order (NIICO) in international fora on western cultural imperialism of the developing societies. The present study proposes the concept of the media use, i. e, exposure to Urdu mov...

We have studied the accuracy of statistical parameters of dose distributions in brachytherapy using actual clinical implants. These include the mean, minimum and maximum dose values and the variance of the dose distribution inside the PTV (planning target volume), and on the surface of the PTV. These properties have been studied as a function of the number of uniformly distributed sampling poin...