“Green ideology” and the risk for the environment – Cause-effect Relation an Implementation. Part 1. Political aspects, morphology and implementation The objective of the report is to give the political characteristics and features of the “green ideology”; to describe the political conditions and the political situation with respect to the management of the environment; to define the characteri...

How do domestic political institutions affect the way states interact in international crises? In the last decade we have witnessed an explosion of interest in this question, thanks largely to the well-known claim that democratic states do not Ž ght wars with one another. Work on the ‘‘democratic peace’’ has generated a number of theoretical arguments about how practices, values, and institutio...

Ben Fine and Dimitris Milonakis have done political economy a great service by drawing attention to the insights lost in the twists, turns and reductions in the transition from political economy to economics. These two volumes constitute a solid foundation upon which a new generation can build a political economy for the future. This review presses some of their meta-theoretical arguments a lit...

Public choice theory takes citizens as rationally ignorant about political issues, because the costs of being informed greatly exceed the utility individuals derive from it. The costs of information (supply side) as well as the utility of information (demand side), however, can vary substantially depending on the political system under which citizens live. Using survey data from the European Un...

muslims nowadays need to be present on the international stage. this involves living together with non-muslims, especially the people of the book. this sort of life and interaction has different political, cultural, economic, and military aspects. the belief that non-muslims are impure (najes) causes hardship to the muslims; and is incompatible with human dignity, which is acknowledged by the q...

A central question for policy makers concerned to help the poor through a macro crisis is how to target scarcer resources at a time of greater need. Technical arguments suggest that finer targeting, through tightening individual programs or reallocating resources towards more tightly targeted programs, uses resources more efficiently for poverty reduction. These arguments survive even when the ...