Failures in the water distribution network are some most important factors in water losses, water shortage and dissatisfaction of users and secondary pollutions as well. This research aimed to analyze failure in water distribution networks during 2006-2008, for better water management. Daily failure reports in Ahvaz, Iran distribution network during 2006-2008, were collected from emergency depa...

Extracellular signals from the endbulb of Held–spherical bushy cell (SBC) synapse exhibit up to three component waves (‘P’, ‘A’ and ‘B’). Signals lacking the third component (B) are frequently observed but as the origin of each of the components is uncertain, interpretation of this lack of B has been controversial: is it a failure to release transmitter or a failure to generate or propagate an ...

We study the coordination and control problem of distributed discrete-event systems with synchronous communication, in the presence of subsystems whose sensors and/or actuators may be affected by unexpected failures. We model sensor failures as permanent loss of observability of certain sensor events that belong to a subsystem, while characterize actuator failures as loss of controllability of ...

Testing application behavior in the presence of I/O failures is extremely difficult. The resources used for testing usually work without failure. Failures typically cannot be initiated on the test suite level and are usually not tested sufficiently. Essentially, each interaction of the application with the environment can result in a failure, making failures hard to test. The Enforcer tool iden...

The urban development process displays regressive tacit-dominant knowledge areas and their tacit level would impede their movements during multi-level knowledge transfers among stakeholders. The accuracy of a knowledge may be distorted when recipient stakeholders fail to understand a specific knowledge for its purpose. Earlier studies by the authors had highlighted complex yet dynamic environme...