The translational requirement to prevent premature termination during La Crosse virus S mRNA synthesis was found to be cell-type dependent. This requirement was present in the BHK, HEL, and Vero cell lines we examined, but not in C6/36 mosquito cells. The cell-dependent translational requirement could be reproduced in vitro by using either cell extracts or purified virions of BHK and C6/36 cell...

Numerous mechanisms have evolved to control the accuracy of translation, including a recently discovered retrospective quality control mechanism in bacteria. This quality control mechanism is sensitive to perturbations in the codon:anticodon interaction in the P site of the ribosome that trigger a dramatic loss of fidelity in subsequent tRNA and release factor selection events in the A site. Th...

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) causes accelerated transcript degradation when a premature translation termination codon disrupts the open reading frame (ORF). Although endogenous transcripts that have uninterrupted ORFs are typically insensitive to NMD, some can nonetheless become prone to NMD when translation terminates at out-of-frame premature stop codons. This occurs when introns contai...

Translation termination is the final step that completes the synthesis of a polypeptide. Premature translation termination by introduction of a nonsense mutation leads to the synthesis of a truncated protein. We report the identification and characterization of the product of the MTT1 gene, a helicase belonging to the Upfl-like family of helicases that is involved in modulating translation term...

Abstract Background A large fraction of genes contains upstream ORFs (uORFs) in the 5′ untranslated region (5’UTR). The translation uORFs can inhibit main coding sequence, for example by causing premature dissociation two ribosomal units or ribosome stalling. However, it is currently unknown if most are inhibitory this activity restricted to specific cases. Here we interrogate profiling data fr...

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay is a surveillance pathway that reduces errors in gene expression by eliminating aberrant mRNAs that encode incomplete polypeptides. Recent experiments suggest a working model whereby premature and normal translation termination events are distinct as a consequence of the spatial relationship between the termination codon and mRNA binding proteins, a relationship par...

Localization of beta-actin messenger RNA to sites of active actin polymerization modulates cell migration during embryogenesis, differentiation and possibly carcinogenesis. This localization requires the oncofetal protein ZBP1 (Zipcode binding protein 1), which binds to a conserved 54-nucleotide element in the 3'-untranslated region of the beta-actin mRNA known as the 'zipcode'. ZBP1 promotes t...

CGG repeats in the 5'UTR of Fragile X Mental Retardation 1 (FMR1) RNA mediate RNA localization and translation in granules. Large expansions of CGG repeats (> 200 repeats) in FMR1, referred to as full mutations, are associated with fragile X syndrome (FXS). Smaller expansions (55-200 repeats), referred to as premutations, are associated with fragile X tremor ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) and fragile ...