The mammalian testis belongs among a small number of tissues that can unambiguously be called “immunologically privileged,” as demonstrated by the ability to tolerate not only testicular autoantigens but also alloand xenoantigens experimentally located within the testis environment. The mechanisms underlying this privilege remain poorly understood compared with more intensively studied models o...

The current email infrastructure is burdened by multiple resource constraints and a plethora of security issues. Apart from the fact that email users are spending more time and effort sifting through unsolicited emails, more serious problems such as Phishing are on the rise. This can be attributed to a fundamental shortcoming in the current email infrastructure: a lack of an authorization frame...

Computer security vulnerabilities badly compromise the system security. To profoundly understand the causes of known vulnerabilities and prevent them, this paper develops a new taxonomic character, and then integrates a privilege-escalating based vulnerability taxonomy with multidimensional quantitative attribute. This taxonomy greatly contributes to further researches of security risk assessme...