• We explore why and how Whites deny the existence of racial privilege • We introduce belief in personal privilege as important to psychology of privilege • When given privilege evidence, Whites claim more life hardships • Whites use hardship claims to deny personally benefitting from privilege • Self-affirmed Whites acknowledge personal privilege and support equality policies a b s t r a c t a...

Abstract We argue that Hamiltonian mechanics is more fundamental than Lagrangian mechanics. Our argument provides a non-metaphysical strategy for privileging one formulation of theory over another: ceteris paribus , general fundamental. illustrate this criterion through novel interpretation classical mechanics, based on three physical conditions. Two these conditions suffice recovering A third ...

Evidence of immune privilege in the eye was recorded almost 140 years ago, yet interest in immune privilege languished for almost a century. However, the past 35 years have witnessed a plethora of research and a rekindled interest in the mechanisms responsible for immune privilege in the anterior chamber of the eye. This research has demonstrated that multiple anatomical, structural, physiologi...

The principle of least privilege in role-based access control (RBAC) is an important area of research. There are two crucial issues related to it: the specification and the enforcement. We believe that existing least privilege specification schemes are not comprehensive enough and few of the enforcement methods are likely to scale well. In this paper, we formally define the basic principle of l...