Accumulating evidence from behavioral genetics suggests that the vast majority of individual-level outcomes of abiding sociological interest are genetically influenced to a substantial degree. This raises the question of the place of genetics in social science explanations. Genomic causation is described from a counterfactualist perspective, which makes its complexity plain and highlights the d...

The development of addiction involves a transition from casual to compulsive patterns of drug use. This transition to addiction is accompanied by many drug-induced changes in the brain and associated changes in psychological functions. In this article we present a critical analysis of the major theoretical explanations of how drug-induced alterations in psychological function might cause a tran...

Current psychological accounts of causal representation and reasoning do not capture phenomena related to causation by omission (e.g., “The absence of breathing causes death”), with one exception (Wolff, Barbey, & Hausknecht, 2010). We describe a novel theory of omissive causation that posits that people build discrete mental simulations – mental models – of causal relations (Goldvarg & Johnson...

In recent years, the topic of desertification has been discussed in different ways in scientific areas. This event occurred globally, regionally and nationally and many steps were taken to stop it. Desertification is challenged universally and its destructive effects are unavoidable and its consequences do endanger the life of inhabitants. The identification of sensitive regions and prevention ...

Background:  HIV causes a debilitating disease to affect the involved patientchr('39')s life. Therefore, investigate and introduce of effective interventions to improve the status of these patients is one of the necessities of modern research. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy on enhancing psychological well-being, life hope, and psycho...