Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis was used to divide 124 Australian isolates of Streptococcus suis type 2 into 17 electrophoretic types (ETs). Isolates in ET 1 were the most frequent cause of disease amongst Western Australian pigs, but isolates of ET 8 were more commonly associated with disease in other Australian states. Multiple isolates from 10 of 19 farms all belonged to the same ET, whils...

Dietary factors regulate immunological function, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here we show that vitamin B9 is a survival factor for regulatory T (Treg) cells expressing high levels of vitamin B9 receptor (folate receptor 4). In vitamin B9-reduced condition in vitro, Treg cells could be differentiated from naïve T cells but failed to survive. The impaired survival of Treg cells ...

blight, caused by mycosphaerella rabiei is the most important disease of chickpea in iran. in order to find a method for the biological control of the disease, the inhibitory effect of 36 isolates of three species, trichoderma harzianum, t. virens and t. atroviride, on a most virulent isolate of the pathogen, in hyperparasitism, dual culture, and production of volatile antibiotic compounds were...

the human oral cavity includes different bacterial community. advantage anddisadvantage of these bacteria depend on their ability to adhere to the toothsurfaces. some microbiota could cause oral disease, however, some of them inhibitformation of biofilm on teeth and therefore prevent dental caries. the present studywas undertaken to investigate on the dmft index (d: decay, m: missing, f: fillin...

Objective(s): Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a nosocomial pathogen resistant to most antimicrobial treatments. Furthermore, it persists in adverse environments thereby forming biofilms on various surfaces. Researchers have therefore focused on antibiofilm strategies using nanoparticles due to their unique physicochemical properties. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SIONPs) have recently s...

The human oral cavity includes different bacterial community. Advantage anddisadvantage of these bacteria depend on their ability to adhere to the toothsurfaces. Some microbiota could cause oral disease, however, some of them inhibitformation of biofilm on teeth and therefore prevent dental caries. The present studywas undertaken to investigate on the DMFT index (D: decay, M: missing, F: fillin...