Cucurbits powdery mildew is one of the most detrimental diseases of cucumber plants worldwide. A detailed insight into the biological processes leading to resistance or susceptibility to the pathogen would pave the road for an efficient disease-resistance breeding program. In the present study, the molecular and biochemical responses of a resistant vs. a susceptible cucumber cultivar infected w...

background mercury is one of the most toxic heavy metals. even a small amount of it is toxic for all living organisms. some of bacteria have developed special resistance mechanisms against mercury, in addition to resistant to different antibiotics. these bacteria usually acquire hg and antibiotic resistance genes via horizontal gene transfer in their habitat. objectives the aim of this study wa...

purpose: urinary tract infection is acommon infectious presentation in the community practice.it is also the most common cause of antimicrobial resistance in the society. the aim of this study was to investigate the frequencyand antimicrobial resistance pattern of the uropathogens isolated from patients with urinary tract infection. materials and methods: this study was conducted on the patient...

background: staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen. due to high prevalence of s. aureus infections and increasing resistance to antibiotics, physicians have been facing problems in choosing the appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy for such infections. objectives: the aim of this study was to determine the pattern of antibiotic resistance in s. aureus clinical isolates of mashhad qu...

background & objectives: shigellosis is caused by different species of shigella and one of the most common causes of diarrhea in children. this disease is endemic in many developing countries including iran.  the aim of this study was to determine the incidence of shigella species and their antimicrobial suceptibility patterns in hospitalized children with shigellosis . methods: this prospectiv...