Introduction Delirium is an acute alteration in attention, awareness, arousal, and cognition, precipitated by a sudden illness highly prevalent older, frail acutely hospitalized patients. It associated with poor outcomes, few effective treatment alternatives. Non-pharmacological interventions music show promising effects, warranting further research. This pilot randomized repeated measures tria...

Introduction: Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) cardioplegia is used to induce cardiac arrest during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in surgery. HTK hyponatremic (15 mmol/L) and slightly hyperosmolar (310 mOsm/kg) can hyponatremia when it enters systemic circulation. The purpose of this study investigate the effect cardioplegia, cannulation strategy intraoperative correction sodium levels o...

OBJECTIVE To examine difficulties in sedation management in the critically ill patient and explore how a semi automated sedation controller can improve agitation control. To present recent work on measurements of agitation, dynamic systems modelling and control of patient agitation response. DATA SOURCES Articles and peer-reviewed studies identified through a PUBMED search and selected origin...

the aim of this study was to determine the effect of thiopental sodium with that of midazolam-ketamine on relieving agitation after tonsillectomy in children. in a clinical trial, 50 children aged 5-10 years, candidates for tonsillectomy, were randomly divided into two 25-member groups. in the first group, thiopental sodium 5mg/kg/iv, and in the second group combination of midazolam 0.01 mg/kg/...

INTRODUCTION The critically-ill undergoing inter-hospital transfers commonly receive sedatives in continuation of their therapeutic regime or to facilitate a safe transfer shielded from external stressors. While sedation assessment is well established in critical care in general, there is only little data available relating to the special conditions during patient transport and their effect on ...

OBJECTIVE Emergency physicians often need to control agitated patients who present a danger to themselves and hospital personnel. Commonly used medications have limitations. Our primary objective was to compare the time to a defined reduction in agitation scores for ketamine versus benzodiazepines and haloperidol, alone or in combination. Our secondary objectives were to compare rates of medica...

Aim: To investigate if and how severe intraoperative nausea vomiting occur following elective cesarean sections performed under spinal anesthesia using sub-hypnotic dosages of midazolam propofol.
 Study Design: Clinical trial.
 Methodology: The current study was conducted at the Gynecology Obstetrics Department a Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq. included 90 full-term pregnant women...

OBJECTIVES The primary purpose of this study was to determine the level of agitation that psychiatric patients exhibit upon arrival to the emergency department. The secondary purpose was to determine whether the level of agitation changed over time depending upon whether the patient was restrained or unrestrained. METHOD An observational study enrolling a convenience sample of 100 patients pr...

CONTEXT Long-term sedation with midazolam or propofol in intensive care units (ICUs) has serious adverse effects. Dexmedetomidine, an α(2)-agonist available for ICU sedation, may reduce the duration of mechanical ventilation and enhance patient comfort. OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy of dexmedetomidine vs midazolam or propofol (preferred usual care) in maintaining sedation; reducing dura...