Algebraic structures and lattice structures of rough sets are basic and important topics in rough sets theory. In this paper we pointed out that a basic problem had been overlooked, that is the closeness of union and intersection operations of rough approximation pairs, i.e. (lower approximation, upper approximation). We present that the union and intersection operations of rough approximation ...

Rough random theory, generally applied to statistics, decision-making, and so on, is an extension of rough set theory and probability theory, in which a rough random variable is described as a random variable taking “rough variable” values. In order to extend and enrich the research area of rough random theory, in this paper, the well-known probabilistic inequalities (Markov inequality, Chebysh...

We introduce notions of soft rough m-polar fuzzy sets and m-polar fuzzy soft rough sets as novel hybrid models for soft computing, and investigate some of their fundamental properties. We discuss the relationship between m-polar fuzzy soft rough approximation operators and crisp soft rough approximation operators. We also present applications of m-polar fuzzy soft rough sets to decision-making.

A generalization of the original definition of rough sets and variable precision rough sets is introduced. This generalization is based on the concept of absolute and relative rough membership. Similarly to variable precision rough set model, the generalization called parameterized rough set model, is aimed at modeling data relationships expressed in terms of frequency distribution rather than ...

The purpose of this paper is to introduce and discuss the concept of T-rough (prime, primary) ideal and T-rough fuzzy (prime, primary) ideal in a commutative ring . Our main aim in this paper is, generalization of theorems which have been proved in [6, 7, 11]. At first, T-rough sets introduced by Davvaz in [6]. By using the paper, we define a concept of T-rough ideal , T-rough quotient ideal an...

Rough sets were originally proposed in the presence of an equivalence relation. An equivalence relation is sometimes difficult to be obtained in rearward problems due to the vagueness and incompleteness of human knowledge. The purpose of this paper is to introduce and discuss the concept of T -rough semiprime ideal, T -rough fuzzy semiprime ideal and T -rough quotient ideal in a commutative rin...

In ring and module theory, the concept of an exact sequence is commonly employed. The generalized into U-exact V-coexact sequence. Rough set theory has also been applied to a variety algebraic structures, including groups, rings, modules, others. this study, we investigated characteristics rough in groups

We define the lower(upper) rough soft formal concept in the rough soft formal context, and using the soft set define the rough soft formal concept lattice, give the properties of the soft rough formal concept lattices.