PURPOSE To develop Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQs) and nutrient databases for urban and rural Indian populations with diverse dietary habits for the PURE (Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological) pilot study. PROCEDURE 24 hour dietary recalls were obtained from 84 rural and 60 urban subjects. From a comprehensive food list, separate FFQs were developed for the two groups. Nutrient an...

This paper examines the impact of economic transition and health sector reform on health equities in the urban and rural populations of China in the 1990s. Since 1980, China has experienced a rapid economic development and fundamental transformation of its society. Three secondary data sources were used as the basis for the analysis and discussion: mortality data from the National Death Notific...

SETTING The influence of undergraduate and postgraduate training on health professionals' career choices in favour of rural and underserved communities has not been clearly demonstrated in resource-constrained settings. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the influence of educational factors on the choice of rural or urban sites of practice of health professionals in South Africa. METHO...

knowing income inequality in socio-economic subgroups helps us to achieve justice. the main goal of this study is to evaluate, decompose and compare the theil and atkinson inequality indices in terms of the inequality within and inequality between urban and rural area in tehran province during the 3rd and the 4th economic development program of iran. doing so, we used the micro households'...

Analysis of the Medicare provider analysis record (MEDPAR) data during fiscal years 1984 through 1989 indicates that the proportion of rural Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized in urban hospitals has remained constant during the prospective payment system (PPS). Much of the use of urban hospitals by rural beneficiaries during this period was to obtain specialized care or surgery, as suggested b...

The views and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily correspond to the views or policies of the Department for International Development (DFID), UK. People mostly migrate in order to find better jobs. Rural life is changing fast. People are far less dependent on agriculture and related work. They increasingly depend on off-farm livelihoods, which ofte...

Land use suitability assessment is an important fundamental work in urban-rural planning. Be restricted by technology and means, qualitative analysis methods be wider used in evaluating land use suitability in most districts of China. This method can’t impersonally and Quantitatively indicate the difference in land use suitability, and make urban-rural planning more subjectively because the inf...

introduction commuting between urban centers and rural areas is a phenomenon that observed in all countries with different social and economic structure. commuting is a new phenomenon in move of population that emerged with metropolis development. this phenomenon is different with other population movement. because this move does not change in residential place, population work in other place. ...

A better understanding of the association of the environment to young children’s physical activity is needed to design effective behavioral interventions and to improve communities' infrastructures in ways that support the development of healthy behaviors. This thesis used data from the Iowa Bone Development Study (IBDS) to examine activity behaviors of young children in urban and rural Iowa. M...