Aflatoxins are secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus flavus, A. parasiticus, A. tamari, A. bombycis and A. nomius species. Relative humidity (RH) is one of the most important parameters influencing the development of aflatoxins in pistachio orchards by Aspergillus species. The type of irrigation system affects density and frequency of the Aspergillus species in the soil. In the current ...

Sustainable water use is seriously compromised in the North China Plain (NCP) due to the huge water requirements of agriculture, the largest use of water resources. An integrated approach which combines the ecosystem model with emergy analysis is presented to determine the optimum quantity of irrigation for sustainable development in irrigated cropping systems. Since the traditional emergy meth...

The ROBODOC system is a promising new method for removing cement with high-speed milling. Heat is generated during the milling process. This study was designed to measure temperatures in the cutting area, and to assess the risk of heat injury and the effectiveness of irrigation. We measured temperatures at the bone-cement cutting area in three experimental settings, two involving the proximal a...

unsustainable harvesting of agricultural water resources in the province of kerman, has caused an annual average of one-meter drop in ground water levels. surface irrigation methods in pistachio trees have low efficiency because of inherent characteristics and its incorrect application, as well as low access to water resource in pistachio regions. therefore under the current critical condition,...

Irrigation scheduling is an important issue for crop management, in a general context of limited water resources and increasing concern about agricultural productivity. Methods to optimize crop irrigation should take into account the impact of water stress on plant growth and the water balance in the plant-soil-atmosphere system. In this article, we propose a methodology to solve the irrigation...

Bagherzadeh A., Paymard P. (2015): Assessment of land capability for different irrigation systems by parametric and fuzzy approaches in the Mashhad Plain, northeast Iran. Soil & Water Res., 10: 90–98. Water quality and quantity in agricultural systems of arid and semiarid regions of the world are of great importance. In this regard the trend to pressurized irrigation systems compared to surface...

Introduction This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two activated irrigation techniques in removing the smear layer after single-file reciprocating instrumentation in curved canals. Materials and Methods Sixty distobuccal roots of maxillary molars were standardized to create a closed system, and then instrumented using WaveOne Primary (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) in...

BACKGROUND Although the use of potable water for wound irrigation is attractive in an austere environment, its effectiveness has not been tested. We sought to compare the effectiveness of potable water irrigation in reducing bacterial number with that of normal saline irrigation. METHODS We used an established caprine model involving the creation of a reproducible complex musculoskeletal woun...