Background: Our hearing ability in space is critical for hearing speech in noisy environment and localization. The Spatial Hearing Questionnaire (SHQ) has been devised to focus only on spatial haring tasks (e.g., lateralization, distance detection and binaural detection). The aim of the present study was to determine the reliability and validity of the Persian translation of the SHQ (Spatial ...

Spatial data mining is to extract the unknown knowledge from a large-amount of existing spatial data repositories areas (Ester et al., 2000). The spatial data are to represent the spatial existence of an object in the infinitely complex world. They may be incomplete, noisy, fuzzy, random, and practical because the computerized entities are different from what they are in the real spatiotemporal...

The spatial structure of cities has been one of the influential elements in the development of cities in different periods.In the cities of Iran,the spatial structure of cities is sometimes organic and during the lifetime of cities ,based on the requirements of the times,such as socio_social needs and their religious-religious ideology,and in many cases,this structure is based on programs and g...

The spatial acuity of the skin for pressure stimuli has been explored extensively, but there have been few attempts to study spatial resolution for vibratory stimuli of the type used in tactile aids for sensory disability or to augment communication. Because vibrotactile spatial acuity has never been empirically determined at such sites, pattern perception with these devices might be poorer tha...

Crowd management is the human-traffic problem-solving for crowd control to manage the crowd activities by monitoring, simulating and designing model. This concept paper is to discuss on the crowd management and discover the major contributing factors that lead towards casualties during panic situation. Crowd management activity has a close relation with spatial management that gives a high impa...

Asocial learning is a mechanism by which innovations develop, and social learning is a mechanism by which innovations spread. Penetration of an innovative behavior through a population is measured by the proportion of the population that possesses the innovation. Via agent-based modeling, we examine innovation diffusion with agents learning and interacting in space. Simulations show that innova...