The European vehicle industry employs a cascading planning process, for medium-term sales and operations and mediumto shortterm production planning. Due to a lack of coordination and feedback between the different planning phases, costly problems in production arise. This paper describes an integrated planning solution for the harmonisation of sales, purchasing, supply chain and production plan...

Conventional data envelopment analysis (DEA) models are used to measure efficiency score of production systems when they are considered as black boxes and their internal relationship is ignored. This paper deals with a common special case of network systems which is called multi-stage production system and can be generalized to many organizations. A multi stage production system has some stages...