This study was done to predict Consumption Behavior of spectators including tendency to Attend Again and purchasing marked merchandises. So, using correlation method, presented spectators in Azadi Stadium are chosen as statistical population. 696 people were chosen randomly and fill Alimohammadichr('39')s questionnaire of factors affecting presence and Kimchr('39')s questionnaire of spectatorsc...

The study investigated the 2011 TPGA Ever Rich Championship – North Bay Open spectators’ on-the-site spectating motivations, experiences, and satisfactions. The research was conducted on a convenience sample of the on-the-spot spectators at the North Bay Golf and Country Club. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed, of which 185 valid questionnaires were collected, approaching a 92.5% r...

In this paper, we aim to develop an AR system which supports spectators who are watching a sports game using smartphones in a spectators’ stand. The final goal of this system is that a spectator can watch information of players through a smartphone and share experiences with other spectators. For this goal, we propose a system which consists of smartphones and fixed cameras. Fixed cameras are s...

the purpose of this study was to examine various factors influencing spectators' attendance in professional soccer games in tehran. this research was a descriptive survey. the questionnaire used in this study was developed by green (1995), hansen and gauthier (1989), kaskey (1999), schofield (1983) and zhang et al. (1995) in order to examine factors affecting spectators' attendance in...

Although crowd analysis is a classical and extensively studied problem for the computer vision community, the vast majority of the works in the literature assume a single type of crowd, while the sociological literature classifies a number of different typologies, each one with their own distinctive traits. In this paper we focus on a particular kind of crowd referred in sociology as spectator ...

Abstract We live in a world where the media is ubiquitous, through multiple and diverse ways of expression, which press has become an “industry”, with coverage influence that difficult to anticipate not too long ago, having ability capture imagination exert its on all walks life. Conquering then broadening area public are really raison media. This conquest expansion are, however, based three gu...

This study investigated the causal influence that game situations-dependent spectator emotions exert on psychological vigor. Four distinctive situations evoked four types of spectators’ emotional states – happiness, sadness, anger, and fear were identified. Virtual reality technology was utilized to replicate sport experiences. The results laboratory experiments revealed vigor generally corresp...

OBJECTIVE To assess indicative trends in the use of protective eyewear by Australian squash players and their attitudes towards its use since 1989. METHODS Data were extracted from three Australian surveys of squash players conducted in 1989, 1995, and 2000. Responses to directly similar attitudinal questions relating to protective eyewear use from each survey were compared. The proportion of...

This study arose as a result of two squash players, one male one female, seeking advice on how to improve their mental approach to playing. They both felt that their game suffered badly through too much anxiety. After preliminary interviews it was decided to use a programme of stress inoculation training to help them learn to control their anxiety. In order to obtain baseline measures of anxiet...