The Persian Gulf States (Bahrain. Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirate) have dominated the oil and gas sector since the discovery of oil in the region. They are the world largest producers of crude oil, producing about 35 and 25 percent of the world natural gas and crude oil respectively. The use of fossil fuels is directly linked to the release of CO2 into...

$Rsb{0}$-algebras, which were proved to be equivalent to Esteva and Godo's NM-algebras modelled by Fodor's nilpotent minimum t-norm, are the equivalent algebraic semantics of the left-continuous t-norm based fuzzy logic firstly introduced by Guo-jun Wang in the mid 1990s.In this paper, we first establish a Stone duality for the category of MV-skeletons of $Rsb{0}$-algebras and the category of t...

evaluating drainage systems, exploring their strengths and weaknesses, provides a comprehensive perspective to designers and organizers for optimum design and implementation of guidelines for the future. this study was conducted at an experimental site consisting of three plots on a subsurface drainage network under operation in behshahr, a coastal region in northern iran. to evaluate system pe...

purpose the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the ergogenic effect of caffeine ingestion on mood state, simple reaction time, and muscle power during the wingate test recorded in the morning on elite judoists. methods twelve elite judoists (age: 21.08 ± 1.16 years, body mass: 83.75 ± 20.2 kg, height: 1.76 ±6.57 m) participated in this study. mood states, simple reaction time, and mus...

background: illness representations (based on leventhal's model) are associated with chronic illness outcomes. it has been suggested that targeting these cognitive components improves illness outcomes. multiple sclerosis is a common disorder between neural and immune systems that creates physical and psychological consequences. there are few pre psychological trails on these patients. the aim o...

human domination over time and space and, consequently, globalization of crime has led to new opportunities of global nature to commit crime. globalized crimes occur in an organized fashion to bring profit to and serve violent purposes of criminals around the world, threatening human dignity, safety, and fundamental rights, compromising international security, and denying humans of their right ...

this research summarizes the data on benthic macro invertebrates collected from 25 points in the urmia lake wetlands during november 2008 to february 2009. the purpose of the study was to assess the effects of elevated salinity and nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) levels on macro invertebrate abundance and composition. a total of 32 taxa were collected, and the common taxa, including chironom...

putin’s policies have had significant impact on russian foreign policy after the cold war. despite the fact that putin sought for increasing russia’s power to the same level as the cold war, however; he was aware that the nature of the international system has undergone serious changes. therefore, some specific factors including close collaboration with the united states, an energy-oriented for...

the caucasus has seen numerous crises since the region gained independence following the collapse of the soviet :union:. some of these crises have not been resolved yet as evidenced by recent russia-georgia conflict. this paper seeks to analyze such crises within the framework of significant geopolitical changes unfolded by the collapse of the soviet :union:. the author argues that in the post-...