Powerful computational techniques have been developed to study chaotic attractors that are generated by stretching and folding processes. These include relative rotation rates for determining the organization of unstable periodic orbits and simplex distortion procedures for estimating the topological entropy of these orbits. These methods are useful for attractors contained in a genus-one torus...

Discovering renewable and sustainable power sources is indispensable for the development of green electronics and sensor networks. In this paper, we present origami triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) using paper as the starting material, with a high degree of flexibility, light weight, low cost, and recyclability. Slinky- and doodlebug-shaped TENGs can be easily fabricated by properly folding...

Both the chaotic mixers (Fig.1) adopt a two-layer overlapping channels structure, which is very efficient for fluid manipulations such as stretching and folding, splitting and recombination. Even at extremely low Re (~10), chaotic advection can be generated. Both particle tracing simulation (Fig. 2) and experimental results (Fig.3) show that as the fluids are driven through the mixer, striation...

We introduce a Lagrangian definition for the boundaries of coherent structures in two-dimensional turbulence. The boundaries are defined as material lines that are linearly stable or unstable for longer times than any of their neighbors. Such material lines are responsible for stretching and folding in the mixing of passive tracers. We derive an analytic criterion that can be used to extract co...

abstract background: restless leg syndrome prevalence is high among the patients undergoing hemodialysis. due to several side effects of medicational treatments, the patients prefer non-medicational methods. therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of two methods of reflexology and stretching exercises on the severity of restless leg syndrome among patients undergoing hemod...

Single-molecule force spectroscopy reveals unfolding of domains in titin on stretching. We provide a theoretical framework for these experiments by computing the phase diagrams for force-induced unfolding of single-domain proteins using lattice models. The results show that two-state folders (at zero force) unravel cooperatively, whereas stretching of non-two-state folders occurs through interm...

It is well-known that the typical protein’s three-dimensional structure is relatively unstable in harsh conditions. A practical approach to maintain the folded state and thus improve the stability and activity of proteins in unusual circumstances is to directly apply stabilizing substances such as osmolytes to the protein-containing solutions. Osmolytes as natural occurring organic molecules ty...

It is well-known that the typical protein’s three-dimensional structure is relatively unstable in harsh conditions. A practical approach to maintain the folded state and thus improve the stability and activity of proteins in unusual circumstances is to directly apply stabilizing substances such as osmolytes to the protein-containing solutions. Osmolytes as natural occurring organic molecules ty...

The specification of stretching and folding properties, particularly in time series, is substantial interest. This study sought to perceive the relationship between irregular discontinuities hand motion trajectories during target tracking tasks. In this regard, a new method proposed based on compiling physiological characteristics dynamics’ geometrical traits. Thus, five conditions are designed...