Background: Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder that impairs several intellectual functions, including attention processes.  Objectives: To investigate attention deficit in a group of patients with schizophrenia.  Method: Thirty patients with schizophrenia hospitalized in three psychiatric wards in Shiraz and Isfahan and 30 normal healthy subjects matched for age, gender and years of educat...

The Color Stroop Test is consensually considered as a task to assess the efficiency of inhibitory mechanisms. If the Stroop interference effect is largely undisputed, it is also acknowledged that the size of this effect varies as a function of various task manipulations, such as the task format. The aim of the present study was to compare the size of adult age-related differences in inhibition ...

Recently, swimming-style colour synaesthesia was introduced as a new form of synaesthesia. A synaesthetic Stroop test was used to establish its genuineness. Since Stroop interference can occur for any type of overlearned association, in the present study we used a modified Stroop test and psychophysiological synaesthetic conditioning to further establish the genuineness of this form of synaesth...

A surge in the search for endophenotypes for psychiatric disorders has occurred in the past several years. An important criterion of an endophenotype is that it is heritable. Two of the most widely used executive cognitive functioning measures are the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and the Stroop Color-Word Test. Each has been considered as a possible endophenotype. However, research on the...

INTRODUCTION Olfactory dysfunction is an early and common symptom in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD). Recently, the relation between olfactory dysfunction and cognitive loss in IPD has been reported. In our study, we aimed to investigate the relation between olfactory dysfunction and cognitive impairments in early IPD related with this theory. METHODS In this study, we included 28 patien...

Using a generalized adaptive framework for unified cognitive modeling, we replicate human performance on a standard Stroop task within an explanatory computational model of vision, language and higher order processing. Having shown the ability to generate similar results to its human counterpart on a Stroop Test evaluation, we discuss how a succession of similar tests on well-understood phenome...

A connectionist model, which simulates the operation of prefrontal circuits during Stroop task is proposed. The Stroop test has traditionally been used as a measure of cognitive inhibition. The task is to inhibit an over-learned, habitual response (i.e., reading color words) in favor of an unusual, novel requirement (i.e., naming incongruously printed colors of color words). The longer duration...

OBJECTIVE To establish whether alterations of brain structures in Alzheimer's disease are associated with executive dysfunction. METHODS Nineteen patients with Alzheimer's disease and 22 older control subjects underwent a comprehensive evaluation. The clock drawing test, digit span test, executive motor function test, Behavioral Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome battery (Rule Shift Card...

One debate in mathematical cognition centers on the single-representation model versus the two-representation model. Using an improved number Stroop paradigm (i.e., systematically manipulating physical size distance), in the present study we tested the predictions of the two models for number magnitude processing. The results supported the single-representation model and, more importantly, expl...