Extensive research has been focused on the progressive collapse analysis of buildings and most of them are based on the alternative path method (APM) with sudden removal of one or several columns. However, in this method the damage of adjacent elements of removed columns under blast conditions was ignored and this issue can lead to an incorrect prediction of progressive collapse. Therefore, in ...

every society has its own culture, values, and ideology. translations convey the meaning as well as cultural and ideological values, beliefs, ideas and norms from source culture to target culture. one type of translation which nowadays is popular among people, and can attract so many audiences in different ages is audiovisual translation (avt), particularly dubbing. if there is difference betwe...

Despite much theoretical support, meta-analysis of the efficacy of formative assessment does not provided empirical evidence commensurate with expectations. This theoretical study suggests that teachers need a better organizing structure to allow a formative assessment process to live up to its promise. We propose that the use of learning map systems can provide that structure, and we describe ...

BACKGROUND Validity evidence based on the internal structure of an assessment is one of the five forms of validity evidence stipulated in the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing of the American Educational Research Association, American Psychological Association, and National Council on Measurement in Education. In this paper, we describe the concepts underlying internal structu...

many patients fear about neurological disorders because of mistrust to their judgments. reality is that neurological system is one of the simplest systems, but unfortunately we discuss about it in a form that induce fear to people. suppose that an old person hospitalized for cerebro-vascular accident (cva) and increased intracranial pressure (icp). results of your assessment can increase patien...

OBJECTIVE To analyze what nursing models and nursing assessment structures have been used in the implementation of the nursing process at the public and private centers in the health area Gipuzkoa (Basque Country). METHOD A retrospective study was undertaken, based on the analysis of the nursing records used at the 158 centers studied. RESULTS The Henderson model, Carpenito's bifocal struct...

OBJECTIVE To test the validity and reliability of latent trait measures estimated from ratings by low-vision patients of the importance and difficulty of selected activity goals. DESIGN Validation of a telephone-administered functional assessment instrument using Rasch analysis of self-assessment ratings. SETTING Telephone interviews of respondents in their homes. Participants Consecutive s...