The effects of HF/NH4F, wet chemical etching on the morphology of individual surface fractures (indentations, scratches) and of an ensemble of surface fractures (ground surfaces) on fused silica glass has been characterized. For the individual surface fractures, a series of static or dynamic (sliding) Vickers and Brinnell indenters were used to create radial, lateral, Hertzian cone and trailing...

Eddy Current Test (ECT) is proven to be the most reliable non-destructive assessment for electrically conductive materials. This works based on emerging when an alternating current induced into The ECT system consists of three elements, i.e. injection, pick-up, and target. then treated as altered wireless power network between aforementioned elements. use (A/C) in this provides a wide variety s...

Conventional material removal of BK7 optical glass will normally result in brittle fracture at the surface, generating severe subsurface damage and poor surface finish. Subsurface damages induced by grinding strongly influence the mechanical strength and optical quality of optical glasses. However, through ductile mode grinding it is possible to reduce the surface and subsurface cracks. It is m...

An infinite elastic medium with a planar crack is considered. The crack is subjected to the pressure of fluid injected at a point on the crack surface. Description of the crack growth is based on the lubrication equation (balance of the injected fluid and the crack volume), the equation for crack opening caused by fluid pressure on the crack surface, the Poiseuille equation related local fluid ...