نتایج جستجو برای: tar sands
تعداد نتایج: 11513 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
One of the most challenging issues concerning the gasification of oil palm fronds (OPF) is the presence of tar and particulates formed during the process considering its high volatile matter content. In this study, a tar sampling train custom built based on standard tar sampling protocols was used to quantify the gravimetric concentration of tar (g/Nm3) in syngas produced from downdraft gasific...
Homologous recombination (HR) is an important DNA repair pathway and is essential for cellular survival. It plays a major role in repairing replication-associated lesions and is functionally connected to replication. Transcription is another cellular process, which has emerged to have a connection with HR. Transcription enhances HR, which is a ubiquitous phenomenon referred to as transcription-...
Because of its generally low density of humans and few settlements, the circumpolar boreal forest is often viewed as an untouched wilderness. However, archeological evidence indicates that humans have inhabited the region since the continental glaciers disappeared 8,000-12,000 years ago. This paper discusses the ecological impacts that humans have had on the boreal forest ecosystem through thei...
The greenhouse gas emission intensity of refining lower quality petroleum was estimated from fuel combustion for energy used by operating plants to process crude oils of varying quality. Refinery crude feed, processing, yield, and fuel data from four regions accounting for 97% of U.S. refining capacity from 1999 to 2008 were compared among regions and years for effects on processing and energy ...
Synthesizing published data, we provide a quantitative summary of the global biogeochemical cycle of vanadium (V), including both human-derived and natural fluxes. Through mining of V ores (130 × 109 g V/y) and extraction and combustion of fossil fuels (600 × 109 g V/y), humans are the predominant force in the geochemical cycle of V at Earth's surface. Human emissions of V to the atmosphere are...
Tar Analysis in Syngas Derived from Pelletized Biomass in a Commercial Stratified Downdraft Gasifier
A study was conducted to quantify tar formation in a stratified downdraft gasifier using wood pellets. The effect of biomass flow rate on tar concentration was also analyzed, and more than thirty compounds in tar were quantified. Among the different compounds in tar, tertiary condensed products such as toluene, o/p-xylene, naphthalene, phenol, styrene, and indene were observed in significant am...
در این پایان نامه ابتدا رابطه همگرایی بلند مدت را بین متغییرهای اقتصادی- اجتماعی با ضریب جینی درآمد، در ایران طی سال های 1363-1387 با استفاده از آزمون انگل- گرنجرمورد بررسی قرار می دهیم، مشاهده می شود که رابطه همگرایی بلند مدت بین متغییرهای اقتصادی اجتماعی درایران با نابرابری درآمد برقرار است. سپس رابطه همگرایی نامتقارن را بااستفاده از دوالگوی خودبازگشت آستانه ای (tar) و خودبازگشت آستانه ای آنی...
چکیده در این پایان نامه رابطه همگرایی نامتقارن بین درآمدهای نفتی و ادوار تجاری (با حضور نفت) و ادوار تجاری(بدون حضور نفت) با استفاد ه از روش اندرس- سیکلاس مورد بررسی قرار می گیرد. بدین منظور از روش های اقتصادسنجی سری های زمان غیرخطی استفاده شده است. ابتدا ایستایی متغیرها آزمون می شود و سپس به بررسی رابطه نامتقارن بین درآمدهای نفتی و ادوار تجاری با استفاده از دو الگوی خود بازگشت آستانه ای (tar...
استفاده از خروجی مدل های گردش کلی جوّ - اقیانوس (aogcms) به منزلة معتبرترین ابزار در تحقیقات تغییر اقلیم، در حال افزایش است. تاکنون نسخه های گوناگونی از مدل های aogcm عرضه شده است که از آن جمله می توان به مدل های اولین گزارش ارزیابی هیئت بین المللی تغییر اقلیم (ipcc) تحت عنوانfar(1990) ، مدل های دومین گزارش با عنوان sar(1996)، مدل های سومین گزارش با عنوان tar(2001) و مدل های چهارمین گزارش ارزیاب...
Boreal wetlands play an important role in global carbon balance. However, their ecosystem function is threatened by direct anthropogenic disturbance and climate change. Oil sands surface mining in the boreal regions of Western Canada denudes tracts of land of organic materials, leaves large areas in need of reclamation, and generates considerable quantities of extraction process-affected materi...
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