the difficulty of assessing the writing skill is well known. different testing facets seem to affect the result of assessing the writing skill. in addition to the writer’s ability, the topic of the writing task, and methods of rating may contribute to the writer’s score. in this study, 50 efl learners wrote four different types of writing tasks (convincing, describing, instructing, and explaini...

This study builds on Laufer and Hulstijn’s (2001) motivational-cognitive construct of task-induced involvement in learning vocabulary and addresses itself to its strong claim that the depth of processing is the overriding factor in learning words. The paper first re-examines the effect of processing load and then of task type on the initial learning and retention of words. To do so, 60 EFL lear...

In this paper, the training needs of wind farm employees have been specified, assessed and prioritized. For this purpose, first of all, the main tasks of wind farm employees have been identified. Afterwards, four criteria—including task complexity, task importance, task time duration and task frequency—have been considered to assess and prioritize tasks. In this respect, the Analytic Hierar...

This study aimed at investigating the relative impact of comprehensible input and comprehensible output on the development of grammatical accuracy and syntactic complexity of Iranian EFL learners’ oral production. Participants were 60 female EFL learners selected from a whole population pool of 80 based on the standard test of IELTS. To investigate the research questions, the participants were ...

this paper aims to discuss the requirements of safe and smooth trajectory planning of transporter mobile robots to perform non-prehensile object manipulation task. in non-prehensile approach, the robot and the object must keep their grasp-less contact during manipulation task. to this end, dynamic grasp concept is employed for a box manipulation task and corresponding conditions are obtained an...