Toward the end of seventh century, Anastasius Sinai took it upon himself to offer advice lay Christians facing a new Umayyad world. For Anastasius, Christian identity needed simplification. In his Edifying Tales and Questions Answers , he would de-emphasize theology, arguing that was more basic affair, involving baptism, eucharist sign cross. him, these were ‘rites maintenance’, acts which sust...

A novel diagnostic tool is presented, based on polar-cap temperature anomalies, for visualizing daily variability of the Arctic stratospheric polar vortex over multiple decades. This visualization illustrates the ubiquity of extended-time-scale recoveries from stratospheric sudden warmings, termed here polar-night jet oscillation (PJO) events. These are characterized by an anomalously warm pola...

the history of iranian political thought during the islamic era can be divided in 2 parts: middle era and modern era. in the middle era which ended in mashroota revolution, political thought tended to be united with religion, with the rules of thought –genera being based upon religions tents, and the role of reason being only limited to uncritical exposition of the predecessor’s ideas. as a res...

The rapidly growing world energy use has already raised concerns over energy resources and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Since the global contribution from residential buildings towards energy consumption, has steadily increased between 20% and 40% and as large openings have considerable energy and heat loss in dwellings, this paper establishes a coefficient of heat loss and air infiltration ...

badi’ iyaat – created as a new technique in a period of arabic literature, that is known as the decline era. the study of this technique as a form of poetry in this era, creates a cloud of doubt for naming the period. there have been many poets with thousands of great poems that reflect the prominence of this era not its decline. the writer of this article has studied badi’ iyaat in khazaanat –...