This review aims to provide an overview of current knowledge on stabilization of proteins by sugars in the solid state in relation to stress conditions commonly encountered during drying and storage. First protein degradation mechanisms in the solid state (i.e. physical and chemical degradation routes) and traditional theories regarding protein stabilization (vitrification and water replacement...

Paradigm Shift in Rehabilitation............3 Traditional Philosophy Emerging Philosophy Effective Mobility: What?...........................5 Effective Mobility: Why?...........................5 Outcomes: Traditional Approach...............5 Walking: At What Cost? The Reality of Walking Outcomes:Restricted Locomotion............7 Theories of Motor Development and Motor Learning...................

Complex acid-base disorders arise frequently in critically ill patients, especially in those with multiorgan failure. In order to diagnose and treat these disorders better, some intensivists have abandoned traditional theories in favor of revisionist models of acid-base balance. With claimed superiority over the traditional approach, the new methods have rekindled debate over the fundamental pr...

Objective: the study is aimed to introduce the developing history of gynecology and gynecological nursing in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Study Design: the development of gynecology and gynecological nursing consists of six periods in Chinese history. They are: 1) budding stage represented by the inscriptions of Nü (female) on oracle bones; 2) physiological development stages of women; 3...

Objectives. Traditional theories of turnout are of limited applicability to college students: the concepts and measures associated with these theories were not designed with students in mind, and factors not considered by the traditional theories are relevant. We offer a new theoretical perspective for understanding college student turnout and test it using a new data set. Methods. We conducted...

Higher-Order Theories of Consciousness: An Anthology, edited by Rocco J. Gennaro, brings together fourteen new essays exploring the relative merits of and problems with higher-order representation (HOR) theories of consciousness. The anthology is divided into two parts. Part I contains articles by proponents of HOR theories arguing for their favorite version of the theory (Rosenthal, Gennaro, V...

Artificial Intelligence presents an important paradigm shift for science. Science is tradition10 ally founded on theories and models, most often formalized with mathematical formulas 11 handcrafted by theoretical scientists and refined through experiments. Machine learning, 12 an important branch of modern Artificial Intelligence, focuses on learning from data. This 13 leads to a fundamentally ...