INTRODUCTION Vascular dementia (VaD) is a heterogeneous disease that can vary in clinical presentation and cognitive profile. The cognitive profiles of different VaD subtypes depend on the anatomical distribution of the vascular insults that have been documented. MATERIAL AND METHODS We reviewed demographic, cognitive, and imaging data in 402 patients who were clinically diagnosed with VaD be...

BACKGROUND Patients with vascular dementia (VaD) exhibit particularly elevated levels of plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) compared to patients with other psychogeriatric diseases. METHODS We investigated the main determinants (age, renal impairment, cobalamin/folate status and presence of extracerebral vascular disease) of plasma tHcy in 525 patients with VaD. Furthermore, 270 patients with d...

The main goal of this paper is to propose a novel voice activity detector (VAD) approach for Speaker Verification applications which is both faster and robust to noise environment. The idea is to use Support Vector Machine (SVM) parameters estimated using speech and nonspeech of a long utterance to compute a function decision of the proposed VAD approach. Speaker Verification results on TIMIT d...

This paper presents the behavioural mechanism of a statistical modelbased voice activity detector (VAD), featuring a likelihood ratio test for the activity decision. From investigation of the VAD, it is found that detection errors could occur frequently at speech offset regions because of the delay term in the decision-directed parameter estimator, employed for the estimation of an unknown para...

The line between vascular dementia (VaD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is often blurred. In this study we investigated whether adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) expression can be used to differentiate between VaD and AD. We evaluated the expression of this receptor in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with VaD, mild cognitive impairment, AD, and controls. We found statistically sign...

Rotaviruses (RV) are a major cause of gastroenteritis in children. Widespread vitamin A deficiency is associated with reduced efficacy of vaccines and higher incidence of diarrheal infections in children in developing countries. We established a vitamin A deficient (VAD) gnotobiotic piglet model that mimics subclinical vitamin A deficiency in children to study its effects on an oral human rotav...

Diagnosis of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) or vascular dementia (VaD) is highly dependent on operational definitions. Among 480 cases of incident dementia in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) Cognition Study, Lopez et al1 demonstrated how findings from brain imaging and choice of diagnostic criteria influence the classification of VaD. As shown by previous investigators, the number of...