Thanks to their outstanding advantages, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) have recognized in various fields these days. One way to discover extra useful products against typical bacteria (e.g., Staphylococcus epidermidis) is NLCs loaded with essential oils. This paper aims to provide NLCs to encapsulate MA oil and characterize and survey the obtained MA...

In the developing chick leg bud, massive programmed cell death occurs in the interdigital region. Previously, we reported the inhibition of cell death by separation of the interdigital region from neighboring digit cartilage. In this study, we examined the relationship between cell death and cartilaginous tissue in vitro. First, cell fate was observed with DiI that was used to examine cell move...

Hypoxia plays a critical role in coordinating cell survival, differentiation and death in normal embryogenesis; during limb pattern formation, hypoxia affects two key processes, chondrogenesis and cell death. Hypoxia promotes chondrocyte differentiation and cartilage matrix synthesis and suppresses terminal differentiation. Depending on the context, hypoxia may induce cell cycle arrest, pro- or...

We reported previously the formation of microtears in an in vivo loaded Flexor Digitorum Profundus (FDP) rabbit tendon with a repetition rate of 60 repetitions per minute and a peak force of 15% of maximum peak tetanic force for 80 cumulative hours. Tear area as a percent of tendon area, tear density (tears/mm(2)), and mean tear size (microm(2)) were higher in tendons from the loaded limb compa...

In the present study we have used radiometric thin layer chromatography (TLC) and radioimmunoassay (RIA) to examine the synthesis of various prostaglandins (PGs) during the progressive chondrogenic differentiation limb mesenchymal cells undergo in micromass culture. Throughout the 3-day culture period, [3H]arachidonic acid (AA) is metabolized to compounds which comigrate with authentic PGE2, PG...

Objective(S): Implant-related infections are disastrous complications in the clinic. One recent strategy to reduce the rate of infection is using the bioactive coating with an antibiotic. The purpose of these bioactive surfaces is to prevent bacterial adhesion to the implant and, consequently, the development of biofilm. In this study, vancomycin-loaded polymeric coating on imp...

In this study a 3-factor, 3-level Box-Behnken design was used to prepare optimized docetaxel (DTX) loaded pegylated poly lactide-co-glycolide (PEG-PLGA) NPs with polymer concentration (X1), drug concentration (X2) and ratio of the organic to aqueous solvent (X3) as the independent variables and particle size (Y1), poly dispersity index (PDI) (Y2) and drug loading (Y3) as the responses. The cyto...

This review represents a compilation of information related to the rodent limb bud culture system from approximately 80 publications after 1969 and conversations with workers in the field. Most of these papers and book chapters refer exclusively to studies with the mouse limb bud. Sections in this review include historical review, end point measurements, activating systems, types of compounds s...