a water distribution network is subjected to various abnormal conditions such as pipe breaks, pump failures, excessive demands etc. in the design period. under such conditions, the network may not be able to meet required demands at desired pressures, and becomes deficient. traditional network analysis assumes nodal demands to be satisfied and available nodal pressures are calculated. however, ...

This article describes a 3D CFD (computational fluid dynamics) simulation implementation of the stepped planning hull in calm water. The turbulent free surface flow around the stepped planing hull is computed with a RANSE method, using the solver ANSYS-CFX. The turbulence model used is standard k–ε. In order to simulate the disturbed free surface, VOF model is implemented. The CFD model has bee...

This work presents a model for the inclusion of chemical water stability in optimizing the operation of water distribution systems. When desalinated water is mixed with surface water and/or groundwater, the blend can become chemically unstable. Such a state can cause the phenomena of “red water,” an increase in corrosion rates, and a reduction in disinfection efficiency. In this study, a method...

To assess the influence of storage dynamics and nonlinearities in hydrological connectivity on time-variant stream water ages, we used a new long-term record of daily isotope measurements in precipitation and streamflow to calibrate and test a parsimonious tracer-aided runoff model. This can track tracers and the ages of water fluxes through and between conceptual stores in steeper hillslopes, ...

The present study aimed at the development of the water deficit coefficient as a function of the Christiansen uniformity coefficient and relationship between the applied water depth and that required by a given crop, taking into account that the water distribution by the sprinkler follows a normal distribution. Another objective was to compare the experimental results to those obtained through ...

[1] ‏ahmad, s. and simonovic, s.p. (2005). an artificial neural network model for generating hydrograph from hydrometeorological parameters, j. hydrol, 315, 236-251. [2] agarwal, a., mishra, s.k., ram, s. and singh, j.k. (2006). simulation of runoff and sediment yield using artificial neural networks, biosys. eng, 94(4), 597-613. [3] amini, m., abbaspour, k.c., khademi, h., fathianpour, n., afy...

introduction: introduction: few studies have investigated the distribution of stress around implants. in this study the distribution of stress in bones around implants was investigated in five overdenture (od) treatment designs including od-1, od-2, od-3, od-4 and od-5. materials and methods: the catia modeling software was used in order to simulate the tooth/implant model and bone. first, the ...