The adul t ant ibody response is generally characterized by a marked degree of heterogeneity of affinity of the ant ibody for the antigenic de terminant (1, 2). With t ime after immunizat ion there appears to be a preferential selection of high affinity ant ibody-producing B lymphocytes resulting in an increase in the average affinity of the serum ant ibody (2-19). It is usually assumed tha t i...

UNLABELLED Recently, the somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2) selective antagonist sst2-ANT was determined to have a high affinity for SSTR2. Additionally, 111In-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid-sst2-ANT showed high uptake in an SSTR2-transfected, tumor-bearing mouse model and suggested that radiolabeled SSTR2 antagonists may be superior to agonists for imaging SSTR2-...

This communication describes the utility of a conformationally restricted aromatic β-amino acid (2-aminobenzenesulfonic acid, (S)Ant) inducing various folding interactions in short peptides. Sandwiching (S)Ant between diverse amino acid residues was shown to form robust folded architectures featuring a variety of H-bonded networks, suggesting its utility in inducing peptide folding.

Coffee agroecosystems have recently undergone a dramatic intensification in Colombia, a megadiverse country, especially in terms of the nature of shade cover. We tested for changes in the composition, ecological associations, and diversity of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) along a gradient of intensification of coffee production in the Colombian Andes. We surveyed 16 farms in two regions, class...

Novel donor-acceptor π-conjugated copolymers, P(DPP-BDT) and P(DPP-ANT), were synthesized in 87-89% yield. Thin-film transistors (TFTs) made from the thermally annealed film of P(DPP-ANT) exhibited much better performance (e.g., μmax = 1.90 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1), Ion/off ≈ 10(6)) than those made from the thermally annealed film of P(DPP-BDT).

Ant miner is a data mining algorithm based on Ant Colony Optimization (ACO). Ant miner algorithms are mainly for discovery rule for optimization. Ant miner + algorithm uses MAX-MIN ant system for discover rules in the database. Soil classification deals with the systematic categorization of soils based on distinguished characteristics as well as criteria. The proposed model delivers to Ant mine...

Ant colony optimization algorithms (ACOs) have been basically introduced to discrete variable problems and applied to different research domains in several engineering fields. Meanwhile, abundant studies have been already involved to adapt different ant models to continuous search spaces. Assessments indicate competitive performance of ACOs on discrete or continuous domains. Therefore, as poten...

Parallel algorithms, such as the ant colony algorithm, take a long time when solving large-scale problems. In this paper, the MAX-MIN Ant System algorithm (MMAS) is parallelized to solve Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) based on a Spark cloud computing platform. We combine MMAS with Spark MapReduce to execute the path building and the pheromone operation in a distributed computer cluster. To im...

The traveling salesman problem (TSP) is one of the most important combinational optimization problems that have nowadays received much attention because of its practical applications in industrial and service problems. In this paper, a hybrid two-phase meta-heuristic algorithm called MACSGA used for solving the TSP is presented. At the first stage, the TSP is solved by the modified ant colony s...

KANTS is a swarm intelligence algorithm [1], proposed in [10, 2] for data clustering and classification. The term KANTS derives from Kohonen Ants, since the algorithm was partially inspired by Kohonen’s Self-Organizing Maps [9]. The method was also based on Chialvo and Millonas’ Ant System [6] and its working mechanisms are very similar to that model. However, differences in the local rules and...