Present study consists the, effect of temperature (10-30C), salinity (15-35 psu) and biofilm on the settlement of Enteromorpha flexousa zoospores. Settlement of zoospores was significantly (p<0.05) influenced by both temperature and salinity. Highest percentage of settlement occurred at 25C and 30 psu respectively. Subsequently the influence of biofilm was evaluated at the optimum 25C and 30 ps...

Field studies demonstrate that the population structure of the barnacle Balanus glandula differs between locations of high and low larval settlement rate. These observations, together with results from a model for the demography of an open, space-limited population, suggest that the settlement rate may be a more important determinant of rocky intertidal community structure than is presently rea...

The expansion of the settlement trough is an important factor in the risk assessment of the tunneling induced settlement. The increase of settlement trough requires buildings to be included in the impact zone, which causes damages. This paper conducts estimation of the settlement trough width (STW) using empirical approaches, field measurement data and numerical solutions. The credibility of th...

Remote sensing techniques are now commonly applied to map and monitor urban land uses to measure growth and to assist with development and planning. Recent work in this area has highlighted the use of textures and other spatial features that can be measured in very high spatial resolution imagery. Far less attention has been given to using geospatial vector data (i.e. points, lines, polygons) t...

We present methodology, algorithms and software for evaluating flow and view for architectural settlement layouts. For a given settlement layout consisting of a number of buildings arbitrarly positioned on a piece of land, in the present study an island situated on the west coast of Sweden, the methodology allows for evaluation of flow patterns and for evaluating the view experienced from the b...

Traditional Balinese Architecture is known for its extensive rules at both, the microscopic and the macroscopic level, ranging from the design of entire villages to single building elements. These rules are preserved in century old palm leaves, so-called lontars, and were put into practice by the Undagi (traditional “architect”) according to the needs of the owner of the building who provides t...

Larval settlement in the fouling polychaete Hydroides elegans Haswell (1883) is mediated by natural biofilms, a complex consortium of marine bacteria, benthic diatoms, protozoa, fungi and adsorbed organic matter. Currently, the inductive effect of natural biofilms on larval settlement is attributed to the bacterial component. In this paper, we present results of an investigation of the diatom c...

City of Vantaa considers constructing a truck parking area and a filling station on a soft clay deposit in Luhtaanmäki, Vantaa (in Finland). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether vacuum preloading with vertical drains is a feasible ground improvement method for the site. Besides in situ –tests and classification tests, overall 18 oedometer tests were carried out. Preliminary design of v...

2 Is cooperative action modern or old fashioned? Why should policymakers pursue it in development strategies? In what way are cooperatives different in terms of economic theory and organisation theory? And if there are differences in organisation, human resource management practices, property rights and forms of collective action, what are the governance issues to be addressed so as to allow co...

Entrepreneurship and the Process of Firms’ Entry, Survival and Growth This survey paper aims at critically discussing the recent literature on firm formation and survival and the growth of new-born firms. The basic purpose is to single out the microeconomic entrepreneurial foundations of industrial dynamics (entry and exit) and to characterise the founder’s ex-ante features in terms of likely e...