The authors investigated whether substance use and self-reported racial discrimination were associated in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. Smoking status, alcohol consumption, and lifetime use of marijuana, amphetamines, and opiates were ascertained in 2000-2001, 15 years after baseline (1985-1986). Most of the 1,507 African Americans reported having experien...

The endoscopic appearance of the gastroesophageal valve, viewed by the retroflexed gastroscope, has been studied in 51 patients with and without reflux esophagitis. Esophagitis was graded according to its severity, and the yield pressure (YP) was measured in all patients to assess the competence of the cardia. There was a close relationship between the YP and the grades of the gastroesophageal ...

OBJECTIVE Racial discrimination has been associated with unhealthy behaviors, but the mechanisms responsible for these associations are not understood and may be related to residential racial segregation. We investigated associations between self-reported racial discrimination and health behaviors before and after controlling for individual- and neighborhood-level characteristics; and potential...

BACKGROUND We explored whether, the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) coronary and abdominal risk scores measured at 18 to 30 years of age and changes in these scores would more strongly predict coronary artery calcium (CAC) and abdominal aortic calcium (AAC) assessed 25 years later, than scores measured 25 years later. METHODS AND RESULTS In the Coronary Artery ...

OBJECTIVES In the context of supplementary antioxidants having no anticancer effect, it is important to update the meta-analysis to evaluate whether there is an association between intake of citrus fruit and gastric cancer risk. METHODS The list of articles to be searched was established using citation discovery tools provided by PubMed and Scopus. The effect size of each article to be used i...

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS — Men and women (55%) aged 18–30 years from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study without the metabolic syndrome at baseline (n 4,192, 49% black) were followed-up from 1985 to 2001. Incident metabolic syndrome, defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria, was ascertained 7, 10, and 1...

OBJECTIVE Electrocardiographic indices reflecting left ventricular hypertrophy are associated with incident diabetes in clinical populations at risk for coronary heart disease. We tested whether electrocardiographically determined left ventricular mass was positively associated with incident diabetes in a population sample. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young...

Height, weight and body mass index (BMI) of married adults aged 20-69 years with a school-aged child in Shiraz (Iran) are reported. Smoothed centile values have been derived from the raw data by Healy's nonparametric method. Factors affecting obesity of adults are examined. Shiraz adults are taller and heavier than most adults from developing areas of the world, but are shorter and lighter ...