In general, social exclusion in rural areas is attributed to economic backwardness. The paper examines the rural-urban habitat contribution over factors that produce vulnerability. AROPE index —risk of poverty and exclusion— analyzed by a logistic regression model considers —socio-demographic household structures agrarian bonding— as their interaction with moderator variable. findings show, one...

After three decades of post-Soviet agrarian change, farming structures in Tajikistan remain dynamic. Despite a centralised reform agenda pushed forward by international donors, the local implementation reforms has resulted striking differences across country. This paper investigates Tajikistan’s geography and political economy. We show that unevenness Tajik state’s power autonomy vis-à-vis soci...

The study substantiates necessity for joint development of scientific structures, educational system and business sector to ensure their sustainability. aim the article is define preconditions, challenges advantages educational, areas in agrosharing as general consumption material goods, natural resources intellectual property agricultural sector. Forms problems cooperation this system’s main c...