The Russian military invasion of Ukraine, in February 2022, presents the greatest challenge to European security since end Cold War. Russia’s intentions towards Ukraine became clear annexation part especially Crimea. Yet most policymakers West, and indeed intelligence analyst, were caught by surprise as paratroopers jumped over Kiev’s airfields. In weeks coming up invasion, many experts argue t...

Japan and South Korea have experienced rising tensions for generations. Beginning with the Japanese annexation of in 1910, contemporary relations are shaped by mutual mistrust. Nevertheless, both countries face common security threats, namely North Korean China; pushed United States to cooperate on an international level. It is increasingly important take steps toward reconciliation. Analyzing ...

This article examines the factors that have contributed to recent divestment of three ‘flagship’ Nordic investors from Russian agricultural sector. These include corruption, pressure regional administrations and economic downswing arising geopolitical tensions related annexation Crimea. The companies all sought project calm as rose. calm, however, belied a concern for impact crisis on corporate...

Import substitution has been developing in Russia since 2014 after the annexation of Crimea and introduction first sanctions packages against Russia. The events taking place today, namely geopolitical tensions ongoing pandemic, have finally destroyed many logistical links supply chains, which forced to look at domestic producers from other side see existing problems. article studies regulatory ...

The aim of this study is to further the historiography mining, placing emphasis on mining enterprises Allatinis, a Jewish Sephardi family that had been living for long time in thriving port Leghorn (Italian: Livorno) before moving Ottoman Selânik (Thessaloniki Greek) around 1800. Their financial activities were inextricably intertwined with political situation, ongoing territorial disputes rega...

Now that Vladimir Putin has chosen a path of escalation in his unnecessary war aggression against Ukraine, it is imperative Western policymakers know the consequences and how he might escalate further. This article examines recent events on battlefield; implications announced annexation territory, mobilization forces, threats to employ “all means” defend Russian territory; domestic ramification...