The term "artificial dielectric" is conveniently applied to any arrangement of conducting obstacles which affects the propagation of electromagnetic waves in a way similar to a solid dielectric. The essential property of a solid dielectric from the point of view of propagation is that the phase velocity within the dielectric is different from the free-space value. A quantitative indication of t...

Artificial neural networks are finding many uses in the medical diagnosis application. The goal of this paper is to evaluate artificial neural network in disease diagnosis. Two cases are studied. The first one is acute nephritis disease; data is the disease symptoms. The second is the heart disease; data is on cardiac Single Proton Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) images. Each patient class...

Most hatchery programs for anadromous salmonids have been initiated to increase the numbers of fish for harvest, to mitigate for habitat losses, or to increase abundance in populations at low abundance. However, the manner in which these programs are implemented can have significant impacts on the evolutionary trajectory and long-term viability of populations. In this paper, we review the poten...

The goal of this paper is to evaluate artificial neural network in urinary diseases diagnosis. Artificial neural networks are widely used in medical problems. Artificial neural networks are used to disease diagnosis. Feed-forward back propagation neural network is used as a classifier to distinguish between infected or non-infected with two types of urinary disease. Inflammation of urinary blad...

Many recent studies have used artificial neural network algorithms to model how the brain might process information. However, back-propagation learning, the method that is generally used to train these networks, is distinctly "unbiological." We describe here a more biologically plausible learning rule, using reinforcement learning, which we have applied to the problem of how area 7a in the post...

The spatial distribution of petrophysical properties within the reservoirs is one of the most important factors in reservoir characterization. Flow units are the continuous body over a specific reservoir volume within which the geological and petrophysical properties are the same. Accordingly, an accurate prediction of flow units is a major task to achieve a reliable petrophysical description o...

This paper presents review of application of artificial neural networks in weather classification and prediction; some existing weather forecasting models have limitations and also benefits of neural network are discussed in this paper. Accurate weather prediction is important in today’s world as agricultural sector is widely dependent on it. Since there is non-linearity in weather data therefo...