This article presents a study of how humans perceive and judge the relevance of documents. Humans are adept at making reasonably robust and quick decisions about what information is relevant to them, despite the ever increasing complexity and volume of their surrounding information environment. The literature on document relevance has identified various dimensions of relevance (e.g., topicality...

A two-dimensional view on software architectures is introduced. One of the dimensions is the implementation-oriented view based on component structure, and the other is de ned by abstractions and logic of collaboration. We argue that unless the view based on collaboration is rigorously taken into account in early phases of the development, architectures will be based on informal expectations an...

Comparing probability distributions is an indispensable and ubiquitous task in machine learning statistics. The most common way to compare a pair of Borel measures compute metric between them, by far the widely used notions are Wasserstein total variation metric. next divergence this case almost every known divergences such as those Kullback–Leibler, Jensen–Shannon, Rényi, many more, special ca...