The results of the autopsy of a 38-year-old female with mixed connective tissue disease who had suffered from painful subcutaneous calcification in her buttocks and extremities for 14 years and died from rapidly progressive pulmonary hypertension are reported. On autopsy, her heart and lungs revealed changes of severe pulmonary hypertension with intimal thickening and plexiform lesions in the s...

Pseudoxanthoma elasticum complicated by angioid streaks and various other vascular problems was described. The patient was a 69-year-old female and was found to be hypertensive with the left ventricular hypertrophy. Skin biopsies from bilateral sides of the neck disclosed a typical lesion indicating pseudoxanthoma elasticum. Subsequently, several complications were sorted out and hypertension h...

We report the case of a 4-year-old boy who presented to our facility with an enlarged right second toe. After radiography ruled out acute pathology, an MRI showed increased adipose tissue at the distal aspect of the appendage. Although the parent felt that the appendage was unaesthetic, there was no functional issue, and further discussion with the pediatricians and pediatric surgeons eliminate...

Hypertension-induced left ventricular hypertrophy is the most important risk factor for heart failure. This study aimed at investigating the effects of monoterpenoid phenol, carvacrol, on myocardial hypertrophy using both in-vivo and in-vitro models. Male Wistar rats were divided into the control (Ctl), un-treated hypertrophy (H), and carvacrol-treated hypertrophy gro...

The diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) can often be diYcult. Traditionally, it has been a diagnosis of exclusion, requiring the demonstration of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in the absence of other causes, such as systemic hypertension or aortic stenosis. 2 Early reports focused on the presence of asymmetrical hypertrophy with an outflow tract gradient (hence the acronym HOCM)...

OBJECTIVE To see the pathological features of this disease in our set up and to emphasise the importance of morphological examination in making the diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) especially in cases of sudden cardiac death. METHODS A retrospective, descriptive study of 15 autopsies of this particular disease was carried out at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFI) Rawa...

The association of muscle hypertophy in the outflow tract of a ventricle with obstruction to blood flow during systole is being recognized with increasing frequency. This functional stenosis has long been known to appear in the hypertrophied right ventricle following surgical relief of pulmonary valve stenosis (Kirklin et al., 1953; Brock, 1955). It was recognized in the left ventricle by Brock...

Circulation Research is available at http://circres.ahajournals.org DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.311059 Abstract: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic disorder that is characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy unexplained by secondary causes and a nondilated left ventricle with preserved or increased ejection fraction. It is commonly asymmetrical with the most severe hypertrophy in...

The three approaches to too-many-solutions problems discussed in the previous chapter do not treat them as symptomatic of significant generalizations about input-output mappings rather than outputs. Because this systematic challenge to OT is not recognized, previous attacks on these problems, apart from de Lacy's general proposal, see them as an assortment of individual difficult cases and anal...